K - k

ka₁   interrogative particle. Affirms the interrogative intention of an utterance, especially when it contains no other interrogative word. Aniyaꞌ ka ilu? Is there any there? cf.: ba, sa.

ka₂   aux. particle. Indicates an alternative in a series. Ai na ka Sūk, ai na ka Sama, ai na ka Milikan, magsakihan sadja. Whether Tausug, Sama, or Westerner, all were sick.

ka₃   conj. And; plus.

kababawan   n. A shallow area of the sea floor. cf.: babaw₁; linkset: deyoꞌ₁, kahanggal-hanggalan, temang, katohoꞌan.

kababbalan   n. Mental deficiency; stupidity.

kabag   Note: QU adj. a-. Prominent, of ears. Akabag talingana, saliꞌ alambu. His ears stick out, sort of wide. Gram: a-

kabalaw   n. A species of bat, said to steal tobacco leaf. Category: Manuk-manuk.

kaban   n. 1 • A coffin. cf.: lalungan.

2 • A cursing equivalent for a canoe. Kabannu! Angay halam engkotannu bangkaꞌ? Your coffin! Why didn't you tie the canoe up?

kabang   adj. a-. Many-colored; variegated. Badjuꞌnu ilu akabang. Ilu na kolol kaginisan. Your shirt is many-colored. There are all kinds of colors. Gram: a- linkset: bꞌttik, kelong-kelong₁, manas, palang.

kabangkawan   1 • n. A mangrove swamp, a complex of many salt-tolerant species. Bang halam larang-larang, pehēꞌ saitan ni deyom kabangkawan. If there is no shelter (made for it) the demon goes into the mangrove forest. Category: Swamp tree.

Gram: AStat. pag-2 • v. AStat pag-.

kabasiꞌ   n. The vegetable squash and other squashes. Category: Vines, creepers. Cucurbita maxima..

kabayaꞌan   n. Will; desire. Ai kabayaꞌanbi? What do you want?

kabaꞌ   n. The side of coin showing coat of arms. . Kabaꞌ ya sīn taga-sāp, halam taga-aꞌa. Kaba' is the side of a coin with the mark, no (image) of a person. linkset: kara, kurus, taꞌu-taꞌu.

kabaꞌ-kabaꞌ   n. A moth; a butterfly. Category:  Insects .

kabāꞌ   v. AO-1. To suppose mistakenly. Only with Object focus. Ampunun aku, kabāꞌku halam taga aꞌa. Forgive me, I thought there was no one here. Pinagbāꞌ eꞌ sigām mbal toꞌongan makasōd. They thought mistakenly that they would surely be unable to enter. Gram: AO-1 synonyms: kannal₂, yuk₂.

kabba   (See takabba).

kabbat   Variant: kəbbat. v. AO-1. To close something securely, as a door or wrapping. Gram: AO-1

kabbul   v. AO-1. To fulfill something that has been predicted or requested, the action of God. . A: “Makakꞌlloꞌ kita llaw itu.” B: “Na, mampaꞌin kinabbul bowaꞌnu.“” A: "We will catch something today". B: "May God fulfil what you say {lit. your mouth}." Buwat yukku, “O Tuhan, papatayhun na aku llaw itu.” Na bang sinulat heꞌ Tuhan, amatay na. Takabbul ya bowaꞌta heꞌ Tuhan. As if I were to say, "O God, let me die today". Then if God records it I will die. God will carry out my request. Gram: Usually occurs with bowa' (mouth) as the idiomatic object of the verb.

kabbun   n. A plantation of fruit-producing trees. Kabbun itū bang aheka toꞌongan buwaꞌ kayu maka niyug, boꞌ aluha, ya na hēꞌ ōnna, kakabbunan. A kabbun is when there are very many fruits and coconut palms, and it is wide, that's its name, a plantation. cf.: gulangan.

kabkab   1 • n. Something used as a fan. .

2 • v. AO-2. To fan something in order to create movement of air or water. Kinabkaban gusung maka pisak ko tahinang kꞌbbong-kꞌbbong. The sand and mud are fanned so a hollow is created. Bang kita ma deyom lumaꞌ pinasuꞌ, angabkaban kita di-ta maka labban. When we are inside a house, feeling hot, we fan ourselves with a piece of cardboard. Gram: AO-2 synonyms: kayab.

kabelaw   Variant: kabalaw. n. A species of small bat, said to steal leaf tobacco. Waꞌi pasōd kabelaw ni sipsipan atop. The bat has gone into the gap in the thatch. Category: Manuk-manuk. cf.: kabog.

kabel-kabel   n. The decorative triangular flaps on the lower edge of a sail. link: gores.

kabetoꞌ   n. A species of conch, small. Category: Shellfish. Strombus spp..

kabid atay   v. AO-1 pag-. To unsettle one's mind. . Anawhid sadja kita. Mbal pagkabidta atayta. We just make a firm decision. We don't let our minds (liver) be unsettled. . Category: Idioms with atay. Gram: AO-1

kabig   v. ASite pa-. To veer abruptly from a course. Pakabigun mundaꞌ ni lumaꞌ. Turn the prow towards the house. Gram: ASite pa- link: biluk.

kabili   v. AO-1. To castrate.

kabillag   v. AStat pag-. To draw or write with poorly formed shapes. Bang aku anulat ma pepel mbal abontol. Magkabillag aku buwattinaꞌan. When I write on paper it isn't straight. I'm all over the place like this. . Gram: AStat. pag-

kabinet   n. A cabinet or cupboard. Pagpugaran kamahung loꞌok-loꞌok kabinet inān. The corners of that cabinet are a nesting-place for cockroaches. cf.: paradol.

kabit₁   1 • n. A hook for fastening. linkset: sagnat, saꞌud₂.

2 • v. AO-1. To fasten by inserting a hook into an eyelet.

kabit₂   v. AA pag-. To play a game in which coins are tossed and their fall observed. . Bay aku magkabit ma Sisangat. Taraꞌug aku duwampūꞌ sīn. I played tossing coins at Sisangat. I lost twenty centavos. Gram: AA pag- link: mano.

kabiyaksahan   n. Custom; habit.

kablangan   n. The open sea. Kablangan itū halam aniyaꞌ kapūꞌ-pūꞌanna, timbang na. Kablangan has no islands, it is open sea. Category: Ocean, lake. link: dilaut.

kablit₁   1 • v. AO-1. To move something so that its extremities make contact.

2 • v. AA pag-. To meet without overlap, of the outer edges of flexible materials such as cloth, fishing nets. Papagkablitun linggiꞌ ilū. Join up those two drag nets. .

kablit₂   adj. -an. Having almost reached an expected time or amount, as a woman nearing her time to deliver a child. Kablitan na ni siyam (atawa ni sangpūꞌ). Almost up to her 9th (or 10th) month. Gram: AO-1 link: maraiꞌ₂. Affix info:  .

kabog   n. A fruit bat. Kabog, kinakan heꞌ Bisayaꞌ. Amangan bungang-kahuy, daluwa maka ambaw. Kabog, eaten by Visayans. It eats fruit, looks just like a rat. Category: Manuk-manuk. cf.: kabelaw.

kabombong   n. A spider, generic for all species. Category:  Arachnids. synonyms: lawaꞌ.

kabowa   adv. Under compulsion; influenced by. . Angalogmay iya kabowa tāwna He is drained of strength because of his fear.

kabtang   v. AO-1. To express something in speech, usually in a formal context. Bang aniyaꞌ kami magbonoꞌ yukna, “Ai kabilahiyannu, magbono?” Yukku, “Angabtang sadja ka min tꞌdda, buwananta ka dakayuꞌ suntuk.” If there are some of us fighting, he says, "What do you want, to fight?" I say, "Say one single word and I will give you a punch." Category: Utter. Gram: AO-1

kabtangan   n. A word or phrase.

kabubu   n. A species of cleaner fish which accompany groper. Category: Saltwater fish.

kabug-kabug   v. AStat pag-. To open and close the fingers repeatedly. Magkabug-kabug si Bilinda. Bilahi nihambin heꞌ mmaꞌna. Bilinda wriggles her fingers. She wants her father to hold her. Gram: AStat. pag-

kabulan   n. The fluid that separates from the oil when liquid is expressed from grated mature coconut. link: gataꞌ.

kabulay   1 • n. Curling strands of hair hanging down on each side of the face; the mane of a horse.

2 • v. AO-2. To arrange hair so that strands hang down on each side of the head. . Kinabulayan bang kinawin. She has curls at the side of her face when she gets married. Gram: AO-2

kabulig   n. A wasp or similar insect capable of a painful sting. Kabulig itu luwa tabungay. Angeket abisa, araiꞌ aheya kabulig. Kabulig is like a hornet. It has a potent sting, possibly bigger (than a hornet). Category:  Insects . linkset: buwani, lampinig, tabungay, teyaꞌ-teyaꞌ.

kabuni-bunihan   n. Complete equipment, especially of the things which make a house prestigious.

kabunyi-bunyihan   Variant: kabuni-bunihan. n. 1 • The complete details of a house, especially the furnishings and decorations that make it prestigious. Kulang kabunyi-bunyian lumaꞌnu itū, subay buwat lumaꞌ si P. Your house is lacking in furnishings, it should be like the house of P (a successful Chinese merchant). link: kapanyapan.

2 • Complete details and characteristics of a person, often used in a derogatory sense.

kabungsuhan   n. The youngest child, last-born. synonyms: katapusan.

kabus   adj. -in-. Short of essentials. Amꞌlli kita balanjaꞌ apa kinabus na ma kinakan. We will buy supplies because we are short of food. Gram: -in- linkset: ipis, kettak, pihit, pulubi; cf.: kulang₁.

kabuwattituhan   n. Present time; now. Sampay ni kabuwattituhan.

kabūd-būran   n. A hilly area; the mountains.

kaka₁   v. AA pag-. To make a noise by knocking wood against wood. Bang magambit kita magkaka maka kakal, busay, papan. When we drive fish we make a noise with a piece of wood, paddle, or plank. Gram: AStat. pag-

kaka₂   n. The planking across the hull of a canoe. Category: Canoe construction.

kakabit   n. A hook for fastening.

kakakal   n. A heavy stick used to beat something. cf.: tungkud, bastun.

kakal   v. AO-1. To club something. Subay bay kinakal atawa bay nirugsuꞌ boꞌ atubag. It should have been clubbed or stabbed in order to die. Gram: AO-1 cf.: papas₁.

kakan₁   v. AO-1. To eat something. Gram: This allmorph of mangan occurs only with the prefix sets affixes pag-, maka- and ta-. linkset: habbab, intaꞌ, lallan, lopaꞌ, dahal, tanggal₂, kaway, kanam₂; cf.: pakan, mangan.

kakan₂   v. AO-1. To corrode or erode, as flesh by disease, iron by rust. Waꞌi kinakan isina eꞌ saki gitiꞌ. His flesh has been eaten away by tuberculosis.

kakanaꞌ   n. A woven fabric; cloth. . Category: Fabric.

kakas   1 • n. Ringworm. synonyms: kulap, pohak.

2 • adj. -in-. Suffering from ringworm. Gram: -in-

kakasi   n. A darling; a loved one.

kakatiꞌ   v. AO-1. To remove the symptoms caused by hantu spirits from a person's body. Gram: AO-1 cf.: hantu.

kakaw   n. The cocoa tree and fruit. Category: Shore tree. Theobrama cacao..

kakayaw   v. AO-1. To scratch the skin so as to relieve itching. Kakayawhun konoꞌ bukutku. Please scratch my back. Gram: AO-1 link: kakkut.

kakayaꞌan   n. Complete outfit; furnishings; personal effects. Buwat si Abdul minsan mbal piꞌingga, amaluwas kakayaꞌanna, lilus, sꞌmmek, badjuꞌ. Like Abdul even though not going anywhere, brings out all his gear, watch, clothes, shirt. Gram: zero link: kapanyapan.

kakayuhan   n. A collection of trees; a grove or copse.

kakaꞌ   voc n. Address term to an older relative of the same generation, as the husband of one's older sister, an older cousin. synonyms: kaꞌ.

kakās   n. An implement for gathering loose items; a rake.

kakkal   adj. zero. Permanent; enduring. Mbal saliꞌ maglꞌngngan, magusaha. Kakkal ma lumaꞌ, atotog ma lumaꞌ. He doesn't walk about, doesn't go fishing. He's permanently at the house, constantly at the house. Gram: zero link: taptap.

kakkang₁   adj. a-. Tight-fitting, as of clothing which is skin-tight. Gram: a-

kakkang₂   n. The bit of a horse's bridle.

kakkot   v. ASite aN-. To adhere to a surface, as rice to the pot it is cooked in. Angakkot daing ilū bang akulang nsꞌllan. That fish sticks if the oil is lacking. Gram: ASite aN- link: pikit₁.

kakkut   v. AO-1. To scratch something so that the surface layer is damaged, as a cat does with its claws. Gram: AO-1 linkset: kakayaw, kamas, katol.

kaki   1 • n. A cousin (the child of parent's sibling).

2 • v. AA pag-. To be in cousin relationship; specifically the consanguineal relationship between persons of the same generation other than siblings. Gram: AA pag-

kaki min duwa   n. Second cousin (the child of parent's cousin). Kakiku iya min duwa. He is my second cousin (i.e. the child of parent's cousin).

kakoyagan   n. Joy. Taga-kakoyagan du aꞌa bay ananom maka bay amusuꞌ. The person who has sown and reaped has joy.

kakubulan   n. A cemetery; collection of graves.

kakuꞌ   adj. a-. Slow to respond. Bang yukku, “Ndiya lahut.” Akakuꞌ pahāp angꞌndeꞌ ni aku. Na, waꞌi alahi daing. Suppose I say, "Give me the knife." He is so slow in handing it to me. So the fish escapes. Gram: a- link: lallay.

kakꞌbbatan bowaꞌ   n. Words in contrast to actions. Hal kakꞌbbatan bowaꞌ, nileyangan. Mere words, to be flown away.

kadal   1 • n. Destiny or fate decreed by God and not the result of chance. link: gantaꞌ₂.

2 • v. AO-2. To determine someone's fate. Gram: AO-2

kadkad₁   v. AO-1. To turn over everything in search; to look for diligently. Halam aniyaꞌ minsan takadkad. There is nothing even though searched for. Gram: AO-1 cf.: kugud; synonyms: kulakkad.

kadkad₂   adj. a-. Stripped of all wealth and resources due to repeated demands. Akadkad na kami sababna hal bay pagbowahan aku. We are stripped of wealth because all has been used for taking me (to healers). Gram: a- cf.: kagud₂.

kaddaw   adv. Hopefully, expressing a desire for the outcome of a prediction or statement. Kaddaw ka amatay! May you die! link: gōm na paꞌin.

kadday   n. A roadside store selling ready cooked food and coffee; a stall. Maginum aꞌa inān ma kakaddayan, saliꞌ halam aniyaꞌ lumaꞌna. That man takes his refreshment at wayside eating places, as if he has no house. Category: Types of buildings. link: tinda.

kaddeꞌ-kaddeꞌ   n. The shell of a scallop. Category: Shellfish.

kaddom   

kadjalangking   n. A scorpion. Category:  Arachnids. synonyms: jalalangking.

kadjang   n. A covering traditionally made of sani or tigul palm leaves stitched together in parallel strips, used as an awning on a canoe. Also made of canvas. Sapaw itū kadjang, ya pinagbowa ni kapūꞌan ilū paturung ulan maka llaw. An awning is a palm-leaf kadjang, the thing habitually taken to the fishing islands as shelter from rain or sun. Category: Roof. link: atop.

kadjang-kadjang   n. The prominent ribs of an emaciated person. link: usuk.

kadjap   (See sakadjap).

kaebogan   n. The desire for something as a response to its beauty.

kaentoman   n. The faculty or act of remembering. Amiha lagiꞌ kaentoman. I'm still trying to find it in my recall.

kaettoman-mata   n. The pupil of the eye. Category: Eye. synonyms: taꞌu-taꞌu mata.

kagadol   1 • n. A laborer, especially one who carries goods. cf.: kalga, hangkut.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To work as a laborer. Gram: AStat. pag-

kagang   Variant: kagoŋ. n. A crab, generic for all species. Category:  Crustaceans.

kagang-batu   n. A species of crab.

kagang-kulluꞌ   n. The coconut crab.

kagang-pēk   n. A mud crab with a single long claw. .

kagang-sukay   n. A species of crab, edible.

kagang-tikaꞌ-tikaꞌ   n. The fiddler crab. Bay aku sinakket eꞌ kagong tikaꞌ-tikaꞌ. I got nipped by a fiddler crab.

kagaraꞌan   n. A discussion about a possible course of action; a conference. Bang aniyaꞌ kagaraꞌan subay magisun-isun ondeꞌ-mattoꞌa. When there is a planning meeting the children and parents should discuss things together.

kagat   v. AA pag-. To test each other's strength in a contest as in arm wrestling. . Gram: AA pag- linkset: sanggul₁, sabit₃.

kagayan   1 • n. A mat weaving technique which involves folding strands to change direction. .

2 • adj. -in-. Woven with a twist design, of mats. Gram: -in- cf.: tepo tinabid.

3 • v. AO-1. To weave a mat using one of the twist patterns. Gram: AO-1 link: tabid.

kagām-gāman   n. An improvement; a change for the better. cf.: kahikayan.

kagkag   v. AStat aN-. To become thin, of a person's physical condition; to fail to put on weight. Angagkag sidda si Anu, sinaki tibi. So-and-so is very thin, sick with tuberculosis. Category: Weight. Gram: aN- linkset: gitiꞌ, kayog, kittay, koskos, titis₂, kulagkag, peres, kalus; cf.: nipis, nipnip.

kaginisan   1 • n. Things of various kinds. Aheka kaginisan aꞌa, aniyaꞌ Sama, Milikan, Jipun, aniyaꞌ Lannang. There are many kinds of people, Sama, Westerners, Japanese, Chinese.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To be of various kinds; to be assorted. Gram: AStat. pag-

kagingking   n. The slender offshoots from main stem of bamboo. link: pꞌttung.

kagingkul   v. AO-1 pag-. To bang things together so as to make a noise. Bang aꞌa bilahi amangan kabasiꞌ boꞌ halam karūlan, na bang amatay na, saga pinahilalaꞌ, sinaput, paurus iya min saputna bang sangom. Takale magkagingkul mareyom lumaꞌ, angāꞌ kabasiꞌ min kaldero. When a person wants to eat squash but isn't allowed, well when he dies and is laid out and wrapped in his shroud, he slips out of his shroud in the night. He is banging things in the house, getting squash from the cooking pot. Gram: AO-1 pag-

kagis   1 • v. AO-1. To scrape something off a surface, as edible shellfish from a rock or post, the flesh of fruit or vegetable; to scrape off a surface layer, as the skin of a vegetable. Gram: AO-1 synonyms: keke.

2 • v. AO-2. To clean by scraping off; either of the underlying base, as of a floor which has become dirty, or of the substance which forms a surface film or layer. Kagisin ba lantay ilū apa aheka lansuk. Scrape the floor off because there is a lot of wax. Gram: AO-2

kagit atay   Variant: kagut atay. adj. a-. Offended or angry, usually with atay as Subject. Ē! Amakagit atay koꞌ ilū. Hey! That's very offensive. Pangimbū ya makapakagit hꞌlla. It is jealousy that makes a husband angry. Akagut itū saliꞌ aniyaꞌ kapꞌddiꞌanta atay ma pagkahita. Kagut is like when our liver is pained {i.e. we are angry} towards our fellow human. Gram: a-

kagong   n. Generic for crabs. Category:  Crustaceans. specific: kampay.

kagud₁   v. AO-1. To scrape up remnants, as the rice at the bottom of a rice pot. Kagurun lagiꞌ botong ilu, kalu amangan giꞌ. Scrape out that green coconut, someone may still eat it. Gram: AO-1

kagud₂   adj. a-. To be reduced to nothing in contrast to former abundance. Gram: a- cf.: kadkad₂.

kagunahan   1 • n. Usefulness; purpose; need. Ai kagunahannu ma pōng papan itū? What is your purpose for this cut-off piece of lumber? linkset: kalagihan, kapunyahan, kapūsan.

2 • v. AO-3. To be needed. Kaꞌa barannu ya kinagunahan. It's you personally who is needed. . Gram: AO-3

kagustuhan   n. A sense of appropriateness or good fortune.

kagut atay   adj. a-. Offended or angry at someone, usually with atay as Subject. Akagut itū saliꞌ aniyaꞌ kapꞌddiꞌanta atay ma pagkahita. Kagut is like when our liver is pained {i.e. we are angry} towards our fellow human. Gram: a-

kagutgut   1 • n. An itchy skin condition in which the skin breaks out in blisters. link: katol.

2 • adj. -in-. Afflicted with an itchy skin infection with multiple blisters. Gram: -in-

kagꞌllal   n. Official status; an appointment in the civil service. .

kaha₁   n. A place for keeping valuables, as a strongbox or safe. link: pagtauꞌan.

kaha₂   n. A pack or packet. Bꞌllihin aku dangkaha. Buy a pack (of cigarets) for me. linkset: pākete, papan₂.

kahabaꞌ   adv. Every one, of a recurring event or situation. . Kahabaꞌ llaw, kahabaꞌ sangom. All day and all night. Tatugilaꞌ bang sai dakayuꞌ aꞌa ma sakahabaꞌ sangpūꞌ puhuꞌ subay pineneꞌ. It was specified which individual should be chosen from every (grouping of) ten people. Angahimatiꞌ na hꞌndaku kahabaꞌ sangpūꞌ minit. My wife is having contractions every ten minutes. Gram: zero

kahabaꞌ-kahabaꞌ   adv. Each succeeding time. Anambahayang du aku kahabaꞌ-kahabaꞌ Jumaꞌat. I pray every Friday. Gram: zero

kahak   v. AStat pag-. To hawk phlegm; to clear one's throat. Bang kami amangan boꞌ ka magkahak, alaꞌat. When we are eating and you hawk phlegm, it is bad. Gram: AStat. pag- cf.: kehem.

kahad   adj. a-. Having the acrid or metallic taste of unripe citrus, of sour coconut water, of fruit which has been cut with a metal blade. Gram: a- link: mamis₁.

kahagad   v. AO-1. To believe or obey someone. Kahagad kami ka buwat bay heꞌ kami magkahagad ma si Musa. We will obey you as we obeyed Moses. Gram: AO-1 link: bꞌnnal.

kahamkam   n. A species of marine plant with buoyant fruit-like appendages, grows in shallow water. Category:  Marine plants.

kahandak   1 • n. Will or arbitrary decision, usually of God and his right to decide about human affairs. Ya na tuꞌud kahandak Tuhan. That's just God's will. cf.: indika.

2 • v. AO-2. To grant someone a favor, the action of God. Daipara kinahandakan kami eꞌ Tuhan, angkan niōnan anak kami pangahandak. Fortunately God showed us favor, which is why we call him the child of God's favor. Gram: AO-2

kahanusan   n. Speech which is intended to soothe, or to indicate the speaker's goodwill. Yukku, “Oy, llingku itū ni kahanusan, boꞌ llingnu ilū ni kalaꞌatan.” I said, "Look here, these words of mine are intended for goodwill, but your words are intended for trouble."

kahang   adj. a-. Rancid-smelling, as of a coconut open to the air for several days. Gram: a- cf.: bꞌngngog.

kahanga   n. Various spider conchs. . Category: Shellfish. fam. Strombidae.

kahanga-nabal   n. A species of conch with a very heavy flange.

kahanga-selo   n. A large finger conch. Strombus spp..

kahanggal-hanggalan   n. A shallow area of sea-floor where canoes often ground. Waꞌi kami makasiyud ni kahanggal-hanggalan atawa ma punsu. We had touched bottom on a shallow or a sand mound. link: kababawan.

kahawa   n. Coffee, the plant and its fruit; the beverage. . Coffea arabica.. linkset: tī, neskape.

kahayang-hayangan   n. An airy place. Si Sel bay ni Mꞌddas kapasuꞌan eꞌ llaw. Aningkōꞌ ma jala-jalana kahayang-hayangan. Sir went to Siasi and got overheated in the sun. He is sitting in his trellised breezeway. .

kahaꞌ   n. A frying pan with a single handle. Category: Cooking utensil. linkset: kawaꞌ₁, kawaliꞌ.

kahālan   n. The general state or condition of something. Kinataꞌuhan eꞌ Tuhan bang ai kahālanbi. God knows how things are with you. synonyms: haliluwal.

kahāp   1 • n. Goodness; kindness. Nilarukan saga sꞌmmek saga taumpaꞌ, ya kahāp Milikan. Clothes and shoes were thrown (to us), the kindness of the Americans.

2 • v. AO-2. To treat someone with kindness. Bay kam kahāpanku. I treated you well. Mandaꞌ kami kinahāpan heꞌ aꞌa ma lahat inān. But fortunately the people of that place showed us kindness.

3 • v. AA pag-. To be reconciled after a quarrel or a state of enmity. Mbal kami magkahāp satꞌggol aniyaꞌ dunya. We will not be reconciled as long as earth exists. Gram: AA pag- synonyms: halulay.

kahāpan   n. Favorable conditions; advantage; blessing. Daipara aniyaꞌ kahāpan min Tuhan, pinuwaꞌ kami ma dilaut. Fortunately God granted us favor, we were picked up out at sea.

kahekaꞌan   n. A large number; the majority. . Kahekaꞌan kohang mainaꞌan ma Sablay. The most clams are there at Sablay.

kahemon   adj. zero. All; entire.

kahentong   n. The egg shell, a white cowrie-like monovalve. Category: Shellfish. Ovula ovum.

kahi   (See pagkahi).

kahikayan   n. An improvement in the condition of sick person. cf.: kagām-gāman.

kahid   v. AO-1. To move something by means of a stick or shaft. . Bang aniyaꞌ sꞌmmek ahūg pareyoꞌ kahidta pariyataꞌ. Kahidta maka bolaꞌ. If a garment falls down we lift it up. We move it with a bamboo slat. Gram: AO-1 link: kohed.

kahig   v. AO-1. To scratch or rake the surface of the soil, as a chicken. Gram: AO-1 linkset: kās.

kahimul-himulan   n. An assembly at which some business is handled, as a wedding or litigation. Basta aheka aꞌa, kahimul-himulan aꞌa. Aniyaꞌ palkalaꞌ. If there are lot's of people, it's an assembly. There is a situation.

kahinapusan   n. The final item in a series. Buwat kita lumꞌngngan katꞌllu, aku itū kahinapusan, karamulihan toꞌongan. For example the three of us are walking, and then I am the last of all, left well behind. cf.: kapūd-pūran.

kahirupan   n. The things required for maintaining life, e.g. food, canoe, land, clothing and firewood. link: balanjaꞌ; cf.: kaꞌlluman.

kahumbu   n. A whale. Category: Whales & dolphins. Order Cetacea. linkset: gadjamina, layul.

kahꞌllingan   n. An explosion.

kaikit₁   1 • adj. zero. Cunning or tricky, especially of someone who joins a game without informing the others that he has no money to pay his losses. Si Nidjiral itū mbal alaꞌan bang kaikit na. Halam aniyaꞌ sīnna. Nudjiral won't withdraw (from a game) when he can't pay. He has no money. link: akkal₂.

2 • v. AO-1. To trick someone out of something, as by cheating in a game. Bang saupama magkabit boꞌ ya sīn ma aku inaꞌan asekot-sekot ni manohan, abōꞌ angaikit na, mbal na magparūl. If for example we play toss-the-coin, and my coin is there close to the mark, and he cheats, he won't allow me to win. Gram: AO-1

kaikit₂   adj. zero. Ungenerous or stingy, especially in response to a request for help. Gram: zero link: iskut.

kailu   (See ndūˈ kailu).

kaiman   adj. zero. Lost in an untimely way; wasted. Saliꞌ ai-ai bay magkaꞌat ya alopas. Kaiman ka ya ai-aiku īꞌ. Like whatever was broken is lost. Those things of mine are sadly wasted. Gram: zero

kaipat   v. AO-1. To forget something. Usually with the prefix ta-. Gram:

kait   n. A fastener for a brooch; a safety pin. cf.: alperel.

kaitan   n. Sharks. Category: Sattuwa.

kaiyaꞌan   n. Shame; humiliation. Kaiyaꞌanku, halam bīlli tepoku. I am shamed, my mat wasn't purchased.

kajahatan   n. A bad happening; serious trouble. cf.: kalaꞌatan, mula.

kajarihan   1 • n. The intrinsic nature of a person, usually used in a negative sense. Alaꞌat kajarihan saga aꞌa itu. These people have bad natures. cf.: sadsaran; link: jaguniꞌ.

2 • adj. a-. Destined to come to a bad end as the expected outcome of a bad nature. Gram: a-

kajatuhan   n. Prosperity; positive outcome.

kalabusu   1 • n. A jail. synonyms: pilisu, jīl.

2 • v. AO-1. To imprison someone. Gram: aN-

kalakaran   n. An amount over and above the cultural norm. . Anth: For example, an excessively large bride-wealth.

kalakkuhan   n. Character or characteristic behavior. Makalanduꞌ na kalakkuhanna, mbal na tasipat. His behavior is over the top, beyond understanding. link: addat-tabiꞌat.

kaladjaꞌan   n. The characteristic behavior of a person or some natural event. Ya na koꞌ ilū kaladjaꞌan sakki, ubus pabīng boꞌ alaꞌan, ubus pabīng boꞌ alaꞌan. That's just how illness behaves. it recurs and goes away, recurs and goes away. Alaꞌan ka, alaꞌat kaladjaꞌannu. Go away, your behavior is terrible. Bang kita mbal ameyaꞌ pituwa hal paluwasta kaladjaꞌanta alaꞌat. If we will not obey instructions all we do is display our own bad character. link: jaguniꞌ.

kaladjun   n. The furthest sea, a term heard only in the epic kata-kata songs. Ma dilaut kaladjun, atala dilaut, mbal na taꞌndaꞌ lahat. The wide open sea, far out at sea, where no land is seen. Category: Ocean, lake. link: dilaut.

kalagihan   n. Purpose or use for something. Bang nsaꞌ aniyaꞌ kalagihannu ma papan itu? If perhaps you have no need for this board? link: kagunahan.

kalaloman   n. The ocean depths; the deep region of sea.

kalamonden   n. The kalamansi fruit and tree. Category: Fruit tree. Citrus microcarpa..

kalamunggay   n. A small tree with edible leaves and pods. Category: Shore tree. Moringa oleifera..

kalanjang   n. A unit of sago meal, the amount pressed into a kalanjangan basket. Note: MLY keranjang 'large, roughly woven basket.' cf.: takil.

kalanjangan   n. A tall, cylindrical basket of open-woven rattan, used for storing the eight gongs of the kulintangan set. Category: Baskets.

kalang₁   v. AO-1. 1 • To sing a song. Gram: AO-1 cf.: binuwa, kerol.

2 • To sing over someone. Aniyaꞌ konoꞌ nnom budjang-budjang bay pinaꞌan angalangan iya. There were reportedly six girls who went there singing over him.

kalang₂   n. Gravel; finely broken coral. link: gusung.

kalangan₁   n. A song.

kalangan₂   n. A structure of posts for supporting canoes above sea level so the hull can be cleaned. synonyms: bantilan, tangonan.

kalang-belleꞌ   n. A hard-shelled seed case about the size of a small chicken egg, used in children's games.

kalangkapan   n. The complete equipment needed for something, as for a fishing trip. Bang ka ni Mꞌddas amꞌlli ka kalangkapan ai-ai, sakap ai-ai. When you go to Siasi you buy gear of every kind, complete. link: kapanyapan.

kalap   adj. a-. More so; to a greater degree. Agsāy aku ahꞌlling, “Asāꞌ ka.” Magtūy yuknu, “Ya du kaꞌa, akalap ka min aku.” Immediately I say, "You're wrong." Then you say, "So are you, more so than I am." Gram: a- cf.: luhūy; linkset: anambahi, paligay, lubaꞌ, labi-labi, lagiꞌ₁.

kalapiya   n. Various trees with a rubbery sap; the rubber tree, . Anagok kalapiya itū bang kinehet. This rubber tree forms sap when cut. Category: Shore tree. Palaquium spp.. cf.: goma.

kalas   n. The color pink. generic: walnaꞌ.

kalasussu   n. A shell case; a cartridge. cf.: pungluꞌ.

kalaut   1 • Adverb. In a seawards direction. Hēꞌ na alahi kalaut. Away it goes escaping seawards.

2 • v. ASite zero. To go in a seaward direction from inland or shore. Gram: ASite/zero

kalaw   n. The Sulu hornbill. Category:  Birds. Anthracoceros montani.

kalaꞌatan   n. Misfortune; wickedness; a wrong done. Tantu kaꞌa-i magni-kalaꞌatan. You are bound to come to a disastrous end. cf.: kajahatan, mula.

kalbaw   1 • n. The Asian water buffalo; carabao. Category: Hoofed animals. Bubalis bubalis. cf.: sapiꞌ.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To ride on a water buffalo. Ameyaꞌ aku magguyud sapiꞌ maka si Haigba angalbaw. I will go along pulling the cow and Haigba will ride the water buffalo. Gram: AStat. aN-

kalbin   n. A carbine; any older type of rifle. link: sinapang.

kalkula   v. AO-1. To detail the amount of things required; to estimate. Category: Calculate. Gram: AO-1 link: itung.

kaldang   n. Stilts.

kaldero   n. A metal pot with a stirrup handle; a pot for cooking rice. Category: Cooking utensil. cf.: paliyuk; linkset: kasirola, kenseng, tungkang.

kale   1 • v. AState pa-/a-. To listen; to be attentive. Daꞌa kam asagaw. Pakale kam. Don't be noisy. Be listening. linkset: hīng-hīng, bahingaw, taenghog, tanog₁, pantingag, talengog.

2 • v. AO-1. To hear something; to listen to something. Mbal paluwas llingna, saliꞌ nihegom-hegom mareyom atayna. Mbal takale ni aꞌa kamemon. He doesn't say anything, it's as though he keeps it in his heart. Everybody doesn't hear it. Gram: AO-1

kalehoran   n. A cause of delay. Ai kalehorannu? What was the reason for your delay?

kalendoman   n. Darkness.

kalesa   n. A horse-drawn carriage; a cart. cf.: karitun.

kaleya   1 • Adverb. In a landwards direction. link: kaut; cf.: lūd, tukad₁.

2 • v. ASite zero. To go landwards, as from out at sea; to go further inland, as from shore. Bandaꞌanku iya. Mbal pakaleyaku apa aniyaꞌ mundu. I will warn him. I won't let him go inland because there are bandits. Gram: ASite/zero

3 • v. AO-1. To get something by going inland. Angaleya kami panggiꞌ kayu ni deya Hambilan. We get cassava by going inland to the hinterland of Hambilan. Gram: AO-1

kalga   v. AStat aN-. To carry items for a living; to work as a laborer. Gram: AStat. pag- cf.: hangkut, kagadol.

kalgadol   Variant: kagadol. n. A laborer, especially one who carries goods. Bariles ginulung-gulung hēꞌ ma Mꞌddas heꞌ kalgadol. Barrels are rolled along there in Siasi by the porters.

kali   Variant: kaliʔ. v. AO-1. To dig a hole, as to get water or to unearth something. Gram: AO-1 cf.: kalut.

kalibubut   1 • n. A boil or carbuncle. link: bautut.

2 • adj. -in-. Suffering from boils. Gram: -in-

kalibugan   n. A Subanon group from the Zamboanga Peninsula who have converted to Islam and developed affinal ties with Sama groups.

kalikutan   n. A period of absence. Tꞌllu pituꞌ min kalikutannu, ya na kapaglahi sigām. Three weeks from your absence, that's the time of their elopement.

kalima   n. A word; a message, especially with reference to what is written in the Holy Koran. . Bang kita magsapda ma Koraꞌan yukta, “Duwaꞌa kalima.” When we swear an oath on the Holy Koran we say, "The word ritual."

kaliman   Variant: kaiman. adj. zero. Wasted. Used especially as an expression of regret at the untimely loss of something. Kaliman ka ya pelang, bay tinimanan heꞌ aꞌa palaran ma dilaut. Asidda iya arupang. Halam pagbayanna ni Mꞌddas. Can it be that the canoe is wasted, thrown away by the man to drift at sea. He is really stupid. He has no means of travelling to Siasi. Kaliman ēꞌ! Gom na daꞌa bay timananku. What a sad waste! If only I hadn't thrown it away. Saliꞌ ai-ai bay magkaꞌat ya alopas. Kaiman ka ya ai-aiku īꞌ. Like whatever was broken is lost. Those things of mine are sadly wasted. Gram: zero synonyms: kaugun.

kalimango   n. A mangrove crab species. Category:  Crustaceans.

kalimango-pagung   n. A species of large, deepwater crab. Category:  Crustaceans.

kalimbit   1 • n. A responsibility which limits one's ability to carry out some activity. Bang aku atulak ni Bukidnon halam aniyaꞌ kalimbitku. When I leave for Bukidnon I will have no impediments.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To be conscious of a responsibility. Gram: AStat. pag-

kalipat   Variant: kaipat. v. AO-1. To forget something. Usually with the prefix ta-. Panglupa aku, waꞌi takalipat. I am absent-minded; I've gone and forgotten it. Magbonoꞌ belleꞌ maka munari. Ya koꞌ īꞌ bay takalipatku. The eagle and the munari bird were fighting. That's the bit I forgot. cf.: pinsan, lipat₁; linkset: bibas₁, liha-liha, lipas, panglupa.

kaliruꞌan   v. AStat pag-. To be in grief over someone's death. Magkaliruꞌan aku ma anakku, mbal na taꞌndaꞌ mataku. I feel regret for my child, whom I no longer see. . Gram: AStat. pag-

kalis   n. A weapon with a wavy blade; a kris. . link: barung.

kalitan   Variant: kaitan. 1 • n. Generic for various sharks and shark-like fish such as sawfish. . Category: Sharks.

2 • adj. -in-. Eaten by a shark. Gram: in-

3 • v. AStat aN-. To fish for sharks.

kalitan-bagambul   n. A species of shark.

kalitan-batu   n. A species of coral shark.

kalitan-boheꞌ   n. A species of shark.

kalitan-kallang-kallang   n. A species of shark, feared as a man-eater.

kalitan-kamansiyan   n. A species of sand shark. synonyms: kalitan-melaꞌ.

kalitan-laluꞌu   n. A species of shark.

kalitan-mangali   n. The great white shark. . Carcharodon carcharias.

kalitan-melaꞌ   n. A sand shark, a species which partly submerges in the sand. synonyms: kalitan-kamansiyan.

kalitan-pamingkungan   n. The hammerhead shark. fam Sphyrnidae.

kalitan-pinanaw   n. A species of shark.

kalitan-pipi   n. A species of shark, a variety of the man-eating shark kalitan kallang-kallang.

kalitan-salimbūng   n. A species of shark.

kalitan-tokkeꞌ   n. A species of shark sucker. fam Echineidae (tentative).

kalitan-tutungan sꞌllang   n. A species of deepwater shark.

kalitan-tutungan tꞌbba   n. A species of sand shark. fam Odontaspididae.

kalitan-ulagu   n. A species of shark.

kalitan-gamat   n. A species of shark, a variety of kalitan-kallang-kallang.

kaliyaggeꞌ   n. A worthless, socially outcast person; used as an offensive epithet.

kaliyawan   excl. Indicates the speaker's strong feelings of surprise or disgust. Arōy! Kaliyawan! Alas, how dreadful! cf.: liyaw.

kaliꞌ   Variant: kali. v. AO-1. To dig something.

kaliꞌawan   Variant: kaliawan. excl. Indicates speaker's strong feelings.

kallam   v. ASite aN-. To speak formally, especially of making a promise or vow. Bay aku angallam ni Tuhan, saliꞌ bay anganajal. I made a committment to God, like making a vow. Category: Utter. Gram: AO-1

kallang-kallang   (See kalitan-kallang-kallang).

kallariꞌ   n. A variety of taro of which the bulbous root is eaten, but not the leaves. Category: Trunkless plants. Colocasia esculenta,. link: hupiꞌ.

kallaꞌ₁   adj. a-. Wasteful in the use of something. Daꞌa ka akallaꞌ ma umpan ilū apa akulang umpan. Don't use the bait wastefully, because (we) lack bait. Gram: a-

kallaꞌ₂   n. The funeral ceremonies of the day of burial, especially the meal eaten by the mourners on their return from burying the body. cf.: tulun-tanaꞌ.

kallaꞌan   n. 1 • Food eaten by mourners after the burial.

2 • Cursing cursing equivalent for food eaten greedily. . Daꞌa ka amangan pagkallaꞌannu ilū. Angagad ka. Don't go eating your own burial meal. Wait a bit.

kalling   n. The starfish, generic for several varieties. Category: Echinoderms. Fam. Acanthasteridae .

kalling-sahanay   n. The crown-of-thorns starfish. Acanthaster planci.

kallit   1 • v. AO-1. To lift someone's leg from the floor, as in an attempt to trip him. Bay pahꞌbbaꞌku tapeꞌ si Humlani, bay kallitku. I caused Humlani's foot to fall, I lifted it up. Gram: AO-1

2 • v. AStat. pag-. To raise both feet or hands quickly, as when playing volleyball. Magkallit tapeꞌna, magbuwang saliꞌ. His feet lift up as if he is springing into the air. Gram: AStat. pag-

kalloꞌ   n. A species of heron or egret. Category:  Birds.

kalluk   1 • adj. a-. Crooked; out of alignment. Gram: a- link: sondong.

2 • v. ASite pa-. To bend out of alignment. Mbal na makabontol anꞌngge, asidda na atahaꞌ tꞌbbu. Pakalluk na pareyoꞌ. The sugar cane cannot stand up straight, it is too long. It bends over downwards. Gram: AStat. pa-

kalluk-kalluk   v. AStat pag-. To curl and straighten the fingers repeatedly. Gram: AStat. pag-

kalluman   n. Livelihood.

kallus₁   v. AO-2. To dash water from the hull of a canoe; to bail vigorously. . Kallusin na, abuhaw. Saddī asait, hal angōt. Dash out the water, it is filling. Bailing is different, just scoop with hand. Gram: AO-2 link: sait.

kallus₂   v. AO-2. To press the stomach with a flat object to help express a surfeit of food. Anꞌgga bꞌttongna, asso heꞌ kinakan. Subay kinallusan maka luwag sinungiꞌan ni lowang. His stomach is engorged, full of food. It should be pressed with a ladle, then excreted through the hole. Gram: AO-2 link: hilut.

kalluꞌ   adj. -in-. Suffering from a congenital condition affecting speech and motor control, e.g. cerebral palsy. Gram: a-

kalnaꞌ   1 • n. A reason; cause. link: sabab₁.

2 • conj. Because.

3 • adj. maka-. Being the cause of something. Sꞌssagta ya bay pangkat dahū bang iya bay makakalnaꞌ īꞌ. We consult the former ritual ancestor as to whether he is the cause. . Gram: maka-

kalokaꞌ   n. A species of very large octopus, multi-colored and inedible, found in the open sea and rarely seen. Category: Cephalopods. fam Cephalopod. cf.: kuhitaꞌ, ngget.

kalog   1 • n. Various worms. linkset: iyas, sassing, ulat₁.

2 • adj. -in-. Suffering from intestinal worms. Gram: -in-

kalog-tanaꞌ   n. An earthworm.

kalompang   n. The lower back of a person. Category: Torso.

kaloꞌong   n. The chambered nautilus. Category: Cephalopods. Nautilus pompilius. cf.: sugit-sugit.

kalsa   v. AO-1. To cock a gun in readiness to shoot. link: kital-kital.

kalsara   n. A main road; a highway. cf.: lān, labayan.

kalsinsilyu   n. Men's undershorts.

kalsitin   n. Socks; hose. Category: Footwear. synonyms: medyas.

kalton   n. A carton. link: labban.

kalu-kalu   1 • conj. Perhaps; maybe, expresses uncertainty. Yukna, “Jinggo, piꞌitu ka.” Yuk si Jinggo, “Tilawku giꞌ si Inaꞌ, kalu-kalu bilahi.” He said, "Hey Jinggo, come here." Jinggo said, "I'll just ask Mother, she may be willing." link: tantu.

2 • v. AO-1. To express a conjecture about something. Nggaꞌi ka tantu, hal kinalu-kalu. Not certain, simply conjectured. . Gram: AO-1

kalukasa   v. AA pag-. To argue or bicker.

kalukassa   Variant: kalukasa. v. AA pag-. To argue or bicker, as relatives sometimes do. Magkalukassa si Habagat maka si Llaw, ya pagkalukassahan sigãm bang sai konoꞌ akosog min sigãm karuwangan. West wind and Sun were arguing, their argument was about which of the two of them was the stronger. Magkalukassa, saliꞌ kita magbonoꞌ ma deyom lumaꞌ, buwat aꞌa maka hꞌndana. Like when we fight in our homes, like a man with his wife. Gram: AA pag-

kalugiꞌan   n. Financial losses, in a general sense. Magkalugiꞌan, magpaluntungan. Losing money and making money. cf.: paluntungan.

kaluhaꞌan   n. The breadth of a flat area; the entire area. Alengog na kaluhaꞌan lahat. The entire country is disturbed. cf.: kasaplagan.

kalulay   1 • n. The stretch marks on the stomach of a woman after childbirth.

2 • adj. -in-. Showing stretch marks on stomach. Gram: -in-

kalumaꞌan   n. A collection of houses; a village. link: lūng.

kalumuꞌan   n. Filthy or disgusting behavior. Landuꞌ na kalumuꞌan manusiyaꞌ, hangkan sumaꞌan pinatꞌnnaꞌan mulkaꞌ eꞌ Tuhan. People are so wicked that sometimes God has to impose judgment on them.

kalun   n. The natural resources from the sea or the land; the fruit of one's labors from natural resources.

kalung   v. AO-1. To carry something in both arms, as a child or some bundle. . Kinalung-kalung ondeꞌ, sinauk maka hōs. The child carried in both arms, gathered up in a sarong. Gram: AO-1 cf.: kandung₁; link: giba.

kalus   v. AStat aN-. To be losing weight; to fail to put on weight. link: kagkag.

kalussungan   v. AStat. pag-. To suffer a financial loss. Magkalussungan disi Kabti. Kabti and his group are losing money.

kalut   1 • v. AO-1. To dig in the ground, as to remove soil, to obtain buried items or to make a hole. Angalut aku tanaꞌ nihinang boheꞌ. I will dig out the dirt to make a water hole. Gram: AO-1 cf.: kali.

2 • v. AO-2. To dig for something; to find by digging.

kaluwaꞌ   adj. -in-. Suffering from an intestinal disorder characterized by diarrhea and incohesive granulated stools, a complaint of children. Gram: -in- link: sungiꞌ-sungiꞌ.

kaluy   n. The blue-spotted groper. Category: Saltwater fish. Cephalopholis argus (tentative).

kaluy-mantis   n. A species of fish, the brown-striped snapper. Category: Saltwater fish. Lutjanus spp.

kaluꞌa   n. A co-wife; co-wife relationship. Ya inaꞌan anak bay tinimanan eꞌ kaluꞌana. That was the child her co-wife rejected.

kalꞌddoman   n. Darkness. Paluwas ka min kalꞌddoman ilū. Come out of that dark place. .

kalꞌmmut   n. A tiny insect that can inflict a painful bite. Category:  Insects .

kam   Pronoun. You plural. Second person plural pronoun, Set I. Occurs as topic or focused Subject. . cf.: kaꞌam; link: akū.

kama   n. A thin mattress. link: tilam; cf.: kantil₁.

kamahung   n. A cockroach. Category:  Insects .

kamal   adj. a-. Voiceless, the stage of sickness where speech is no longer possible. Bang abangat sakina akamal na. Mbal na makapamūng, hal angꞌndaꞌ. When his sickness is very severe he is voiceless. He can no longer talk, he just looks. Gram: a- link: umaw.

kamalig   n. A building or part of a building used for storage or as a workplace. Category: Types of buildings. cf.: lumaꞌ; linkset: borega, payag-payag, pillayag, payad, balung-balung.

kamaliꞌ   1 • v. AA pag-. To misunderstand what each other is saying; hence to speak at cross-purposes. Gram: AA pag- cf.: sabali, kasāꞌ₂.

2 • v. AStat. pag-. To speak so as to make little sense, as older people who lose their train of thought. Gram: AStat. pag-

kamamaꞌu   n. The pubic area. Category: Torso. link: alopan₂.

kamanakan   n. The offspring of kin of same generation; nephew, niece.

kamanahutan   n. Little children or young people, collectively. Kamanahutan itū mbal ameyaꞌ garaꞌ, anak tahun itū. Subay kami aꞌaslag. The young ones can't take advice, the youth of today. It must be us adults. cf.: panganak.

kamanisan   n. Attractiveness of feature and manner.

kamansiliꞌ   n. The Manila tamarind, a tree that provides an edible pod. Category: Shore tree. Pithecolobium dulce.

kamansiyan   n. (See kalitan-kamansiyan). Category: Sattuwa. Note: Tentative identification

kamansiꞌ   n. The breadfruit. Category: Shore tree. Artocarpus communis.

kamanyan   n. Incense. linkset: hiyu, laksiꞌ.

kamang   n. The lizardfish, a fish that lies on sandy sea floor. Kamang itū daing pakꞌppang mareyoꞌ, alꞌkkas bang alahi. Taga sꞌkkeꞌ. The kamang is a fish that lies flat on the bottom, and escapes with great speed. It has a pronounced dorsal ridge. Category: Saltwater fish. Saurida spp.

kamang-buhuk   n. A species of fish. . Category: Saltwater fish. Lutjanus spp..

kamara   n. The upper strip of wood which secures the side planking of a canoe.

kamas   1 • v. AO-1. To scratch something so that the surface layer is damaged, as a cat does with its claws. Gram: AO-1 link: kakkut.

2 • v. AA pag-. To inflict wounds on each other by scratching with nails, as two women fighting. Waꞌi na sigā magluray maka magkamas saga. There they are pulling each other's hair and clawing at each other. Gram: AA pag-

kamasuhulan   n. The most frequent occurrence of something. Ya na kamasuhulanna buwatttēꞌ. That is how it usually is.

kamasuꞌ   n. The spice imperial pigeon. Category:  Birds. Ducula myristicivora .

kamat   1 • n. A prayer for the good health and physical form of a newborn girl. Subay akatis magsambahayang subu boꞌ yampa aniyaꞌ kamat niruwahaꞌan. A kamat prayer should not be made until the dawn prayer is over.

2 • v. AO-2. To pray the kamat prayer over a female child. Gram: AO-2

kamatis   n. The tomato. Category: Flavourings. Lycopersicum esculentum.

kamatti   n. The end goal of some activity, as the purpose of a visit. Angay ka saliꞌ yampa makapiꞌitu? Ai kamattinu? Why have you come here now for the first time? What is your intention?

kamattihan   n. 1 • The outcome of something. Buwat kita maggaraꞌ ahinang lumaꞌ. Na, ya kamattihanna lumaꞌ na. As when we make plans to build a house. The outcome of it is a house. link: katobtoban.

2 • The final ceremony of the series of funerary ceremonies. cf.: hinang-tapus.

kamattohaꞌan   n. Elders; forebears; people of the historic past.

kamattoꞌahan   Variant: kamattohaʔan. n. Elders; forebears; people of the historic past. cf.: kamaꞌasan.

kamaujuran   n. The confirmation of a series of events. link: katobtoban.

kamaumuhan   n. The majority of cases; the usual situation.

kamaupakkatan   Variant: kamaupaʔatan. n. Agreement as to outcome.

kamaupaꞌatan   n. The inevitable conclusion to a particular course of action. Kaꞌa ilū, pahali ka maglꞌngngan-lꞌngngan, aniyaꞌ kamaupaꞌatannu. You there, stop wandering around, or something will surely happen to you.

kamayaꞌ   v. AO-2. To treat something cautiously.

kamayaꞌ-mayaꞌ   1 • v. AStat zero. To be careful. Used in the imperative as an injunction. Kamayaꞌ-mayaꞌ ka ko daꞌa abuꞌus. Be careful so that it doesn't spill. Gram: AStat./zero

2 • Adverb. Carefully. Amissara ka kamayaꞌ-mayaꞌ. Speak carefully.

kamayu   adj. -in-. Affected by swelling and redness, a condition attributed to exposure to the sun or to seawater, or to the use as firewood of wood found floating in the sea. Kinamayu si Janhara. Bay amꞌlla, boꞌ kayu batang ya pangayuna. Bang kayu deya, buwat saga paipaꞌ, mbal du. Janhara has a breast infection. She cooked using floating wood for firewood. If it had been wood from inland, like coconut frond stems, it would not (have happened). Infection of the breast in nursing mothers is usually attributed to a breach of cultural restrictions. . Gram: -in-

kamayung   n. The high prow of paraw type canoes, a section which is added to the stem. Pahapat, paghinang kamayung, ya sugpat mundaꞌ paraw. Pahapat tree is used for making the high prow, the addition to the front of the canoe. Category: Canoe construction. cf.: sangpad.

kamaꞌapan   n. Forgiveness. Amuꞌin kamaꞌapan ni Tuhan bang ka bay makarusa. Ask God for forgiveness if you have sinned.

kamaꞌasan   n. The people of old; past generations. Asannang makalanduꞌ bay waktu kamaꞌasan īꞌ. It was really peaceful in those old times. cf.: kamattoꞌahan.

kambal   1 • n. A reinforcing strip affixed to the outer edge of the planked section of canoe hulls. Category: Canoe construction.

2 • v. AO-2. To fit a canoe with a reinforcing strip as described. Gram: AO-2

kambang   n. A species of edible anemone, with red and white varieties. Category: Anemones. Actinia spp.. Note:

kambang-tuli   n. The katurai tree, a broad-leafed leguminous tree, valued for its edible flowers, its medicinal properties, and for its use in preparing fibre line. The leaves are also used as an ingredient of cosmetic rice paste. . Kambang-tuli. Bang bay tagna hēꞌ pagsusut tondaꞌ tingkal, bay halam giꞌ aniyaꞌ naylon. Sinusutan boꞌ atuwas. Mbal apꞌkkal ma deyom tahik. Kambang-tuli. Previously it was used for scrubbing fibre line, before there was nylon. It was scrubbed to make it hard. It would not unravel in the sea. Category: Shore tree. Sesbania grandiflora. link: borak.

kambay   1 • v. AO-1. To signal someone by waving the arms. Kinambay kita, sinōꞌ pahondong. Someone waved at us, telling us to stop. Gram: AO-1 link: lambe.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To move the arms as in swimming, of any stroke, but especially of breast stroke. Angambay ma buliꞌ tahik amiha tipay. Swimming along the sea floor looking for pearl oysters. Gram: AStat. aN- cf.: kutebbaꞌ, kutibbung.

kambing   1 • n. A goat. Category: Hoofed animals.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To be sexually aggressive; i.e. to behave like a he-goat. Gram: AStat. aN-

kambing bilibili   n. A sheep. Category: Hoofed animals. synonyms: bilibili.

kambing boro-boro   n. A long-haired goat.

kambing bundan   n. A male goat with a long beard.

kambot   n. A belt. link: kandit.

kambung-kambung   n. A very young coconut at the stage between the setting of the fruit and botong-botong. Category:  Coconut, stages.

kambuyan   v. AStat pag-. To wander about to no purpose. Gram: AStat. pag- link: lanyaw.

kamdos₁   v. ASite aN-. To place confidence in something or someone. Angamdos ka ma barannu saukat na ka taga altaꞌ. You trust in yourself merely because you are wealthy. Gram: ASite aN- link: andol.

kamdos₂   adj. a-. Hard-wearing, of cloth, canoes. Gram: a- link: pagon₁.

kamemon   Variant: kahemon. adj. zero. All; every. Gram: zero linkset: lullun, pagsakali, sabarang.

kami   pron. We excl. First person plural pronoun. This pronoun is the same for all except Set I. link: aku₁, ku.

kamigmig   v. AStat pag-. To be unbalanced in shape. Magkamigmig, aheya asal parambilaꞌ. Unbalanced, one side is in fact big. Gram: AStat. pag- linkset: baligbig, kamihu, kirus, lꞌddos₂, tempang.

kamihu   v. AStat. pag-. To be asymmetrical; lopsided. Buwat bubu inān, bang sinōd heꞌ daing aheka, magkamihu bubu. Like that fish trap, when lots of fish go inside, the trap becomes unbalanced, Buwat labban, bang aheka na makalanduꞌ isina minsan bay niengkotan magkamihu du. Like a cardboard carton, when it has over much inside, it will bulge even though it has been tied. Gram: AStat. pag- link: kamigmig.

kamintꞌdda   n. First occurrence of something. Kamintꞌddanu itu-i? Is this your first time?

kamisita   n. An undershirt.

kamisita sagnat   n. An undershirt with narrow shoulder straps.

kamisun   n. A full-length slip or petticoat.

kamī   pron. We excl. First person plural pronoun Set I. link: akū.

kammut   Variant: kaləmmut. n. A tiny insect that can inflict painful bite; a gnat. Kammut itū arikiꞌ-dikiꞌ toꞌongan. Angeket abisa. Aniyaꞌ poteꞌ, aniyaꞌ isãb ettom. This gnat is very small. Bites painfully. There are white ones, and also black. Category:  Insects . link: hamaꞌ.

kamot   v. AO-1. To determine something by divination, as the location of something lost, the cause of a sickness. Category: Esoteric knowledge. Gram: AO-2 link: alamat₂.

kampat   Note: SD v. AStat pag-. To clench the fist; to dig the nails into the palms of the hands. Gram: AStat. pag-

kampay   n. A species of small crab found among rocks and house posts, not eaten. Kampay itū kagong, ya kahekaꞌan kampay itū buwat ma Tōng-Batu, saga ma hāg lumaꞌ. This kampay is a kind of crab, the majority of them are at places like Rock Point, and the posts of houses. Category:  Crustaceans. generic: kagong.

kampen₁   1 • n. A political campaign.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To campaign for election to a political office. Gram: AStat. aN-

kampen₂   v. AO-1. To organize fishermen for a commercial fishing venture, providing capital and advance funds, esp. of Chinese businessmen organizing Sama fishermen. Gram: AO-1

kampil   n. A basket of coarsely woven coconut leaves, with parallel sides but joined across the top with a handle so as to form a four-sided opening. Used for carrying produce. Category: Baskets. link: tiklis.

kampung   n. A village or village section, typically inhabited by an extended kin group. link: tumpuk.

kamun   n. A species of crustacean similar to a large shrimp, but notable for the series of retractable blade-like appendages along the underside of the tail section. These can inflict a severe wound. Category:  Crustaceans. cf.: pamaꞌ, keyot₂.

kamut   v. AO-1. To pick up loose material in one or both hands. Gram: AO-1 link: akup.

kamutiꞌ   Variant: pamutiʔ. adj. -in-. Suffering from an uncurable and progressive depigmentation of the skin, considered to be a great misfortune. Gram: -in- link: āp-āp.

kamyas   n. The star apple, the tree and its fruit. Category: Fruit tree. Averrhoa belimbi. link: balimbing.

kan   (See pakan).

kanabi-nabihan   n. The prophets of the Koran and the Bible.

kanam₁   Note: QU does it have another meaning, e.g. purpose? v. AO-2 pag-. To overwhelm someone by force of numbers; to seize someone's entire property. Gram: AO-2 pag- link: langpas.

kanam₂   v. AO-1. To eat all the available food. . link: kakan₁.

kanasto   n. A large open-weave rattan basket used as a container, generally for dried fish. Category: Baskets. link: tiklis.

kanat₁   1 • adj. a-. Scattered, of items formerly together. Gram: a- linkset: pāg, palit₂, silapug, teges-teges, pulak-palik, sihag₃, paupalik; cf.: bulakay.

2 • v. AO-1. To scatter something. Bang aholemang si Linda, boꞌ aniyaꞌ taꞌndaꞌna pagsipit sꞌmmek, kinanat heꞌna. When Linda is michievous, and sees some clothes pins, she scatters them. Gram: AO-1

kanat₂   adj. zero. In small denominations, of coins in contrast to currency of higher value. Aniyaꞌ sīnnu kanat? Do you have any small change? Aniyaꞌ dakayuꞌ pilak sinambiꞌan ni tinda-tinda maka kanat-kanat. A peso {bill} was changed at the store for small change. Gram: zero

kanaway   n. A northwest wind. Category: Winds.

kanaw-kanaw   1 • adj. a-. Apprehensive; anxious. Akanaw-kanaw aku, arak mbal sinagaran heꞌ mastal. I was anxious that the teacher might not leave me alone. . Gram: a-

2 • v. AStat pag-. To feel apprehension; anxiety. Bang saliꞌ aniyaꞌ siꞌitku bay angusaha atulak daiꞌ-llaw, halam tapoleꞌ sampay kohap magkanaw-kanaw deyom atayta. Suppose an uncle of mine had gone out fishing early in the morning and hadn't returned by afternoon, our livers (i.e. emotional element) would be apprehensive. . Gram: AStat. pag-

kandaman   n. The big-eye herring. Category: Saltwater fish. Psiriacanthos tayenus.

kandang   n. The womb. synonyms: kutaꞌ-kuddarat, kūn.

kandaru   1 • n. A padlock; a mortise lock. cf.: kunsiꞌ.

2 • v. AO-1. To secure a door or lid by locking, as with a padlock or mortise lock. Gram: AO-1 link: tambol₁.

kandayan   n. The Pacific sailfish. Category: Saltwater fish. Istiophorus platypterus. synonyms: kandelan.

kandelan   n. The Pacific sailfish, a large fish with a long sword-like projection of the upper jaw. Tininduk aku heꞌ kandelan ati binowa parawku palahi-lahi magbibud buliꞌ-mundaꞌ. I hooked a sailfish and my canoe was carried racing away, turning end for end. Category: Saltwater fish. Istiophorus platypterus. synonyms: kandayan.

kandit   n. A sash; a belt. linkset: kambot, sabitan, sintoron.

kandiꞌis₁   n. An edible fruit-bearing tree. Category: Fruit tree. Garcinia rubra.. cf.: manggis.

kandiꞌis₂   n. A dimple; a cleft in the chin.

kandong-kandong   n. (see bāt-kandong-kandong).

kandung₁   v. AO-1. To carry something contained in a cloth, as when no other container is available. Amusuꞌ aku biyabas. Bang halam pangisianku kandungku ma badjuꞌku. I gather guavas. If I have no containers I carry in my shirt. Mbal takandung api. Fire cannot be carried in a cloth, Gram: AO-1 cf.: kalung.

kandung₂   v. AStat pa-. To accumulate in a hollow, of water. Gram: AStat. pa- link: danaw.

kanēs-nēs   adj. a-. Scattered widely.

kanit   1 • adj. a-. Peeling; delaminating. Bay akanit tapeꞌku, bay alūs heꞌ boheꞌ pasuꞌ. My foot is peeling, it was scalded by hot water. Gram: a- linkset: gagus, lakles, laknit, oplak.

2 • v. AO-2. To separate something from its skin by peeling or squeezing. Kinanitan mata-daing ma tanganku, kinanitan isāb buwahan. The blisters on my hand can be squeezed, so can lansones. Gram: AO-2 link: kupas.

kaniya-kaniya   1 • adv. Each one individually. Aniyaꞌ almas sigām kaniya-kaniya. They each of them have weapons. linkset: pinig, tabul₁, tarangan-tarangan, topod.

2 • v. AO-2 pag-. To act individually though members of a group; to exercise individual ownership. . Aheka kami magdanakan, na dangan maka dangan magkaniya-kaniya di-na. There are a lot of us brothers, so each of us go our separate ways. Gram: AStat. pag-

kaniyang-kaniyang   v. AStat aN-. To open the eyes widely in a terrified or terrifying way. Tinggaung, anganiyang-nganiyang matana, atahaꞌ kukkuna. The civet cat; its eyes glare frighteningly, its claws are long. Gram: AStat. aN- link: dꞌllag.

kaniyaꞌ   1 • n. Possessions or property, connoting more than average. Taga-kaniyaꞌ aꞌa inān. That man owns quite a lot. link: altaꞌ.

2 • adj. -an. In line with others; treated equally; . Buwat tꞌllungan magusaha, halam atꞌkka dakayuꞌ. Na, halam iya kaniyaꞌan. Like three men fishing, and one hasn't arrived back. Well, he isn't treated equally. Buwat magbuwan, lumaꞌ inān kabuwanan, dakayuꞌ inān halam. Na ya dakayuꞌ halam kaniyaꞌan, halam kaꞌatagan. Like when giving things out, that house has been given something, that other one hasn't. So the one house has not received a share, isn't treated equally. Gram: -an

kanjiꞌ   n. The dressing of new cloth which gives stiffness to it. Mbal amaluba, alaꞌan sadja kanjiꞌna. It isn't fading, its starch dressing has simply gone. . cf.: almidul, sakkul.

kannal₁   v. AO-1. To keep something in mind; to care for something or someone. Angannal sigā ma kita, amasi kita taentom heꞌ mattoꞌata. Mbal kita niꞌbbahan, kinannal kita, kinalasahan. They are thoughtful towards us, our parents still remember us. We are not abandoned, we are kept in mind, loved. . Category: Think. cf.: bistu.

kannal₂   v. AO-1. To think mistakenly about something. Pangannalku masi aheka. I thought (mistakenly) that there was still plenty. synonyms: kabāꞌ, yuk₂.

kannal-susun   v. AStat pag-. To be in a regretful state of mind.

kanop₁   adj. ta-. Submerged below the surface of a liquid, as by sinking, by rising waters, or by disappearance below the horizon due to increasing distance. . Buwat kita bay aningkōꞌ ma gusung, bay tꞌbba. Bang taꞌabut na tahik boꞌ abaseꞌ na buliꞌta, takanop na bay paningkōꞌanta. Like if we were sitting on the sand when it was low tide. When the sea reaches it, and our bottoms are wet, the place where we were sitting is submerged. Gram: AO-1 link: limun.

kanop₂   v. AO-1. To carry out the ceremonial observance of the moment when the new moon and the sun set (in to the sea) at the same time, an event which signals the beginning of the lunar month and is particularly significant for the month of Ramadan. Panganop bulan itū bang ma kami, saliꞌ pangagad bulan, buwat aꞌa amuwasa subay amꞌlli buwas, sokal. The moon observance for us is waiting for the moon (to appear), as when people who fast have to buy rice and sugar.

kansang   1 • adj. a-. Increasingly rapidly; multiplying. . Gram: a-

2 • v. AStat pa-. To proliferate rapidly, as the symptoms of an illness. Pakansang gom paꞌin, mbal na patambal It increases even more, and cannot be treated (with medicine). Gram: AStat. pa-

kansinsilyu   Variant: gansinsilyu; kalsinsilyu. n. Men's undershorts. link: sanyawa.

kansing    1 • adj. a-. Securely shut, as a door or the teeth of person who is ill. . Gram: a- link: tambol₁.

2 • v. AO-1. To secure a door or lid by a device other than a lock, e.g. by sliding a bolt or putting a bar across. Gram: AO-1

kansiya   n. A money-box, especially one which is made of the large seed of the ba'it tree. cf.: baꞌit; link: pagtauꞌan.

kantil₁   n. A sleeping platform; a raised bed. cf.: kama.

kantil₂   n. An underwater cliff or ledge. cf.: titib, pampang.

kanting₁   n. The serrated spinal ridge of various fish, as of the yellow-fin tuna. link: sēk.

kanting₂   n. The achilles tendon. Category: Vein, sinew.

kanuꞌus   n. A squid. Category: Cephalopods. fam Cephalodae. cf.: kulabutan₁, kindat, kulangkung.

kanyamun   n. An anchor cable; a hawser. cf.: bahudjiꞌ.

kanyun   1 • n. A cannon; a naval gun. link: sinapang.

2 • v. AO-1. To shoot someone with a naval gun or cannon. Gram: AO-1

kangag   n. A species of parrot, green. Category:  Birds. generic: agap₁.

kangan   n. (See bāt-kangan).

kangkang₁   v. AStat aN-. To spread the fingers, in response to shock or to frighten small children. Angangkang kita, saliꞌ aniyaꞌ yampa taꞌndaꞌta. We spread our fingers, as though we see something for the first time. Gram: AStat. aN-

kangkang₂   n. A species of edible crab with very long legs, about 7-10 cm across the body, found in shallow water. Category:  Crustaceans.

kangkung   n. An edible water plant known in the Philippines as kangkong. Category: Plant. Ipomoea reptans or I. aquatica,.

kangīꞌ-ngīꞌ   v. AStat pag-. To come to a bad end as the inevitable outcome of bad actions. Bang kita bay sinagda heꞌ mattoꞌata, bang saliꞌ mbal kita ameyaꞌ-meyaꞌ, magkasosōng kaꞌa ilū magkangīꞌ-ngīꞌ. Mbal tumudju ni kahāpan, ni kalaꞌatan. When we have been given strict instructions by our parents, but we don't really obey, in the future you will come to evil times. You will not go in the direction of good but of bad. Note: TSG ngi' bad, defective

kangog   adj. -in-. Demented, especially as a symptom of rabies. Aniyaꞌ isāb eroꞌ kinangog, ya mangeket inān. There are crazed dogs too, those ones that bite. Gram: -in- link: bawi-bawi.

kangoꞌ   n. The pink-necked green pigeon. Category:  Birds. Treron vernaus.

kapa   n. An axe; a hatchet. Milikan gabul mata, tinꞌttaꞌ maka kapa, kakꞌlloꞌan pitaka. Blue-eyed American, chopped with an axe, had his wallet taken. cf.: bansing.

kapa-kapa   n. A species of fish. Category: Saltwater fish.

kapagaꞌa   n. Everything relating to one's status as a human being.

kapagdꞌnda   n. Femininity; female parts.

kapaglꞌlla   n. Masculinity; male parts.

kapal   1 • n. Thickness; the gauge of something flat.

2 • adj. a-. Thick through, as paper or plank. Akapal sawan palastik, minsan nihantak mbal abilaꞌ. Plastic drinking glasses are thick, they won't break even when thrown down hard. Gram: a- antonym: nipis.

kapala   n. A leader; the head of an organisation. Category: Person in authority. link: nakuraꞌ.

kapalu   n. A species of fish. Category: Saltwater fish.

kapamangan   n. The wherewithal to obtain food, as money. .

kapan   n. A classifier for counting the strips of cloth used to wrap a corpse.

kapantayan   n. A level area; a plain.

kapanyapan   n. Equipment; furnishings; gear. cf.: mussak-massik; linkset: kabunyi-bunyihan, kakayaꞌan, kalangkapan, sakap, pinduwaꞌ.

kapang₁   1 • n. A shipworm or teredo, a marine mollusc which bores in wood immersed in sea water. Category: Shellfish. Teredo spp.. link: lꞌssik-lꞌssik.

2 • adj. -in-. To be affected by ship-worm. Gram: -in- synonyms: tambelok.

kapang₂   n. A descriptive of a square fish trap.

kapang₃   n. A gaming dice that is loaded or biased.

kapasuꞌan   n. The hot period of the day.

kapatas   n. A foreman; a tally clerk. Category: Person in authority. link: nakuraꞌ.

kapatut   Variant: kapatutan. n. Ìnherent or conferred authority to act or claim certain privileges. . Panglima ya tag-kapatut ma kalumaꞌan kami itū. The panglima is the one with authority in this village of ours. . Bang aniyaꞌ aꞌa, lꞌlla, amatay boꞌ taꞌabut kinawin anakna, na boꞌ magsaggaꞌ balu hēꞌ, ya bay siyaka atawa siyali aymulla inān angamuꞌ kapatut, subay binuwanan ungsud. If someone dies, a man, and the time comes for his daughter to be married, then if the widow disputes (her share), the older or younger brother of the deceased will ask for {his} rights, he should be given the ungsud {the parental share of the brideprice}. . link: agi.

kapatutan   n. Inherent or conferred authority to act.

kapay   n. The propeller of a plane or ship. . cf.: ehe.

kapaya   n. A papaya or pawpaw. Category: Fruit tree. Carica papaya..

kapetaꞌ   n. A variety of taro, the root of which is eaten, but not the leaves. Category: Trunkless plants. link: hupiꞌ.

kapi   v. AO-1. To copy something. Gram: AO-1

kapi-kapi   n. The third series of side planks above the hull of a pelang-type canoe. . Category: Canoe construction. link: tapiꞌ.

kapil   n. A religious renegade or apostate; an infidel, especially someone who does not observe the tenets of Islam.

kapiligduhan   n. The danger of something bad happening. Mbal du, halam aniyaꞌ kapiligduhan ma deyom lungsud. Don't worry, there is no likelihood of danger inside the town.

kapin   Variant: apin. 1 • n. A remainder; a surplus.

2 • adj. ta-. Left over; in excess of needs. Gram: ta-

3 • v. AOS-1. To keep or reserve something for someone. Kapinin aku dakayuꞌ undam. Keep a basinful for me. Gram: AO-2 link: tauꞌ.

kapinsanan   n. A severe trial. Labay na kita min kapinsanan. We have experienced severe trials.

kapis   n. A heavy cloth used for sails.

kapitan   n. A military captain; a barrio captain in the old barrio system. cf.: tininti, jiniral.

kapitera   n. A teapot or coffee pot. link: siliꞌ.

kapiyalu   1 • n. Sunstroke; heat exhaustion. cf.: langgang.

2 • adj. -in-. Affected by sunstroke. Buwat kita anꞌbba ni kapasuꞌan. Pagtꞌkkata kinapiyalu kita. Like when we are collecting sea foods in shallow water until the hot time of day. When we get home we suffer heat exhaustion. Gram: -in

kapog   adj. a-. Hard due to keeping too long, of cooked cassava. Akapog sinanglag. Takakan du isāb minsan atuwas. Mbal akapog bang buwas, abalos. Pan-roasted cassava meal becomes kapog. It is edible even though it is hard. Cooked rice does not become kapog, it ferments. Gram: a-

kaponoꞌan   n. A group of items all together; a crowd.

kaporolan   n. Something native to a person. Inaꞌan ma lahat kaporolanku. There in my native land.

kapoteꞌan   n. An area of white sand, of a beach or sea floor. Tudjuhun kapoteꞌan. Head for the area of white sand. link: gusung.

kapoꞌ   1 • v. ASite pa-. To wade through water. Bay pakapoꞌ si Arung ni tahik, abaseꞌ lampinna. Eldest Daughter was wading in the sea, her diaper is wet. Gram: ASite pa- cf.: ubug₁.

2 • v. AO-1. To reach by wading.

3 • v. AO-2. To convey something by wading.

kapōngan   n. A part which is broken or cut off.

kappal   n. A ship or large launch, typically a vessel with a metal hull and more than one deck. Category: Passenger vessels. linkset: kumpit, lansa, tempel.

kappoꞌ₁   1 • n. A decorative shirt or blouse style consisting of insets of contrasting cloth and gold or silver buttons.

2 • adj. -in-..-an. Decorated. Badjuꞌ kinappoꞌan, ya badjuꞌ mattoꞌa. Taga-tambuku sangpūꞌ maka duwa ya pitis-pitis inān. A shirt made in the kappo' style, an old person's shirt. It has twelve buttons, the filigree ones. . Gram: -in--an

kappoꞌ₂   n. Stonefish; angler fish. Generic for various unrelated species, most of which lie concealed in soft sand, mud or weed. . Category: Saltwater fish. fam. Scorpaenidae.

kappoꞌ-sꞌmmek   n. A species of fish classified by Sama as a kind of scorpion fish, though not venomous. . Category: Saltwater fish.

kappoꞌ-tumbaga   n. A stonefish. Category: Saltwater fish.

kappoꞌ-ulak   n. A sargassum fish. Category: Saltwater fish. fam Antennariidae.

kappoꞌ-unas   n. A species of fish. Category: Saltwater fish.

kapsiyu   n. A teapot or coffee pot. link: siliꞌ.

kapuk   n. The kapok tree or cotton tree; cotton fiber used for mattress filling. The bark is also grated as an ingredient of cosmetic rice paste. Category: Trees, shrubs. Ceiba pentandra. synonyms: gapas.

kapu-kapu   1 • n. Mold; mildew. link: bagubuꞌ.

2 • adj. -in-. Moldy, as of dried foodstuffs. Gram: -in-

kapul   1 • n. Embalming spices; camphor.

2 • v. AO-1. To embalm someone. Bang kinapul mbal alꞌkkas abuhuk patayna, subay saga dambulan. When embalmed his corpse does not decay rapidly, it should take about a month. Gram: AO-1

kapunyahan   n. The purpose or use for something. Mbal aku makapaindam, aniyaꞌ kapunyahanku. I cannot lend it, I have a use for it. link: kagunahan.

kapuy   adj. a-. Having lost all strength. Akapuy heꞌna magnapas. He is breathing weakly. Akapuy na goyak. The waves have lost their force. Gram: a- link: lamma.

kapūd-pūran   n. The ultimate stage or item in a series. Kapūd-pūran ahāp. The very best. Katapusan siyali, ya na kapūd-pūran. The youngest of all, that's the final one. cf.: kahinapusan.

kapūsan   n. Value; purpose; usefulness. Buwat aꞌa hal maglunsulan ni lumaꞌ aꞌa, mbal magusaha. Halam aniyaꞌ kapūsanna bang buwattēꞌ. Like a person who just wanders round to people's houses and doesn't work for a living. Such a person is of no use. link: kagunahan.

kapūꞌ-pūꞌan   n. Islands; outer islands of the Sulu archipelago which are largely uninhabited except for fishing expeditions.

kara   n. The side of a coin showing a human head. . link: kabaꞌ.

kara-kara₁   n. The very moment and location at which an offense occurs; i.e. the very act of doing something. Generally collocates with abut. Bang halam taꞌabut ma kara-kara, boꞌ hal tinuhuma bay anangkaw, mbal bīnnal. If he wasn't caught in the act, and it was only rumored that he was stealing, no one would believe it. cf.: abut₁, agpot₂.

kara-kara₂   v. AO-1. To do something repeatedly without let-up. Tinimbak kinara-kara, saliꞌ huru-huru. Shooting without pause, similar to huru-huru. Sinukut, mbal pinaraꞌawa. Sinohoꞌ amayad utangna, ya hēꞌ niōnan kinara-kara. Dunned for debt, not allowed to make excuses. Told to pay what he owes, that's what we call kara-kara. Gram: AO-1 link: ambat-ambat; cf.: pahuru-huru.

karadjaꞌan   n. The characteristic behavior of something; the typical features of something. Bang kita mbal ameyaꞌ pituwa, hal paluwasta karadjaꞌanta alaꞌat. If we will not obey instructions, we will just produce our (intrinsically) bad behavior.

karal   Variant: kadal. 1 • n. Fate or destiny as decreed by God. Bang ka amatay ma deyom lumaꞌ ma halam aniyaꞌ sababna, karal min Tuhan. Minsan ka ma palꞌngnganan bang ka humantak boꞌ amatay, karalnu du. If you die at home with no cause, that is a decree from God. Even if you are on the road when you fall and die, that is the fate decreed for you. link: gantaꞌan₂.

2 • v. AO-1. To assign someone's fate. Mbal pangaral kita dayata, saguwāꞌ ya pangaral kita ingat. Wealth is not something we get as a special destiny, but spiritual knowledge is. Gram: AO-2

karalaman   Adverb. Extremely; excessively. Dupang karalaman aꞌa inān. That man is utterly stupid. Miskin kami karalaman. We are totally destitute. Note: cf.: sidda₁, kumarukan.

karalumaꞌ   adv. All the members of one house. Asensong karalumaꞌ. The entire household was unsettled.

karatagan   n. A flat area; a plain.

karaw-karaw   v. AStat aN-. To look about for a way of escape. Buwat ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ bang sōng binonoꞌ heꞌ mattoꞌana, boꞌ taꞌndaꞌ aniyaꞌ pamonoꞌ iya buwat saga lantay, anangis na, angaraw-ngaraw alahi. Like a child about to be beaten by his parent, and sees something used for beating, such as a bamboo slat, he looks for a way to run and escape. Angaraw-ngaraw daing, saliꞌ amidpid. The fish looks for an opening, sort of trembling. Gram: AStat. aN-

karaya   n. Wealth; comfortable circumstances. link: altaꞌ.

karena   1 • n. The fetters to restrain or hold a person, as a chain or handcuffs. link: ekang-ekang.

2 • v. AO-2. To fetter someone. Gram: AO-2

kareya-reyahan   n. The area further inland, generally implies mountains.

kari-kari   1 • n. Curry. Category: Flavourings.

2 • v. AO-1. To cook something with curry.

karilautan   n. The sea as a whole, in contrast to all land areas viewed as a whole. Category: Ocean, lake.

karitaꞌ   n. A two-wheeled cart used for transporting heavy items. synonyms: karitun.

karitun   n. A two-wheeled cart used for transporting heavy items, pulled either by men or animals. . synonyms: karitaꞌ; cf.: kalesa.

kariyan   n. A crevalle, a fish species. Considered to be a juvenile form of landeyok. Category: Saltwater fish. Anth: fam. Carangidae. cf.: landeyok.

kariyasali   n. A congenital condition, especially a deformity or chronic illness. . Asal kariyasalina, pinabeyaꞌ heꞌ Tuhan. That is just the way he was born, sent by God. cf.: sahiliꞌ.

karukan   v. AStat -um-. To become excessively abundant or numerous. Kumarukan aꞌa bang aniyaꞌ magkawin, sabab inaꞌan patimuk min lahat dakayuꞌ maka dakayuꞌ. Kumarukan hekana. There are too many people when there is a wedding because they come from all over. Their number is excessive. Gram: -um- -an

karuhung   n. A species of very large fish, probably a whale shark. Has a very thick skin. . Karuhung itū daing, buwat heya kalitan, boꞌ anipis tapeꞌna. Akapal kulitna, bang lagutnu mbal amangan lahut. Karuhung is a fish about the size of a shark, but its tail is slender. Its skin is thick, if you slash it the knife won't penetrate. Category: Sattuwa. Rhincodon spp..

karupangan   1 • n. Foolish behavior.

2 • v. AStat. pag-. To behave irrationally. . Ya buriru itū saliꞌ magkarupangan. Buriru (deranged) is sort of behaving irrationally.

karusa   n. A sledge drawn by a draft animal.

karut   n. Sacking or burlap; coarse cloth of woven abaca fibre; a bag made of sacking.

karuwa   adj. zero. Both, of things. Ndiya karuwa ilū. Give me both of them. Gram: zero

karuwambilaꞌ   adv. On both sides; from both sides. Niantil talingana karuwambilaꞌ. He has an ear infection on both sides.

karuwangan   n. Two people. . Hēꞌ na maglahi karuwangan. The two of them have run off together. Gram: zero

karuꞌ   adj. -in-. Sleepy; overcome by drowsiness. Gram: -in- link: tuli₁.

karꞌndahan   n. Womenfolk; the girl's side in marriage discussions.

kasabꞌnnalan   n. The truth.

kasal   1 • n. A Christian marriage in contrast to marriage under Muslim law. link: kawin.

2 • v. AO-1. To marry a couple under civil law. Gram: AO-1

kasalamatan   n. Physical safety or well-being.

kasambagan   n. A water jar which is presented to the ritual ancestors on the birth of the first child, and which then becomes the child's personal property. Niagap ni kasambagan, ni poga. Puwas ēꞌ pininta-pinta ma mboꞌ. Felt around for the presentation jar, the water jar. After that the ritual ancestor is called on. . Category: Jars.

kasampangan   n. An arrival gift. Aniyaꞌ kasampangan si Arung, saga tinapay, kendi. There are arrival gifts for Oldest Daughter, bread and candy.

kasannangan   n. Peace; ease.

kasangkaꞌan   n. The limit, in the sense of an ultimate stage that cannot be surpassed. Ya na kasangkaꞌan bissala. That is the final, conclusive word.

kasap   adj. a-. Rough, of a surface; coarse-skinned, as certain fish. Bang aku bay atꞌkka man dilaut boꞌ alandos goyak, pagtꞌkkaku ni lumaꞌ halam aku bay amandi. Tinuli paꞌin aku akatol na baranku, akasap kamemon. Supposing I have arrived back from sea and it has been very rough, and on arriving at the house I did not bathe. Having dropped off to sleep my body is itchy, rough all over. . Gram: zero cf.: lenges.

kasaplagan   n. An unlimited area; the entire breadth of a large area, as a country, the world. cf.: kaluhaꞌan.

kasasawan   n. A disturbance; an uproar. Luhūy kami makabāk kasasawan aheya. Even worse, we found a great disturbance.

kasat   adj. a-. Inferior in flavor, of cassava, due to incomplete expression of the toxic liquid. Gram: a-

kasaw   n. The poles which run across the purlins parallel to the rafters, to which thatch is tied. Category: Roof. cf.: palimbaꞌan, lubing-lubing.

kasawahan   n. An illuminated area.

kasay   1 • adj. a-. Quick in movement. Gram: AStat. pa- linkset: baggis, kaꞌis, labad₂, samot, sapat₂, kulakkus, tangkis, alistu, lꞌkkas.

2 • v. ASite pa-. To move quickly.

kasaꞌ   n. A white cloth used for shrouding a corpse. link: saput.

kasāꞌ₁   v. AA pag-. To be dislocated, of bones.

kasāꞌ₂   v. AA pag-. To be mutually mistaken, as when talking at cross-purposes. Gram: AA pag- cf.: sabali, kamaliꞌ.

kasāꞌan   n. A fine in payment of an offense; a punishment.

kaskas₁   v. AO-2. To move water with a vigorous digging motion, as when paddling a canoe or making a clear area in the water. Bang alandos baliyu mbal tasaggaꞌ, subay kaskasanta boꞌ patandan. When the wind is strong we can't make headway against it, we must paddle hard to reach land. . Boheꞌ ilū subay kinaskasan atawa kinabkaban ko daꞌa angaut. That water must be swished or fanned so it is not dirty. Gram: AO-2 cf.: kayas.

kaskas₂   v. AO-2. To polish items made of gold, using a brush. Gram: AO-2 cf.: bata.

kasko   n. The hull of a boat in contrast to its superstructure. Category: Canoe construction. cf.: damas.

kaseheꞌ   n. Other, remainder. Na kaseheꞌ itū magtulihan. So the rest are sleeping. Kaseheꞌ panulung, kaseheꞌ pinabꞌllihan boꞌ mbal alapis. Some (of the fish) are for giving to the needy, some are to be sold so as not to make a loss. .

kaseheꞌan   Variant: kaseheʔ. n. Others; some; the remainder. Kaseheꞌan mbal anguttaꞌ minsan goyak, kaseheꞌan palege. Some don't vomit even when it is rough; others lie down.

kasi   1 • n. Love; affection.

2 • adj. a-. Loving, with connotation of overt demonstration and permanence. Akasi na aku alasa ma hꞌndaku. I now love my wife affectionately. Gram: a-

kasig   n. A sardine; a pilchard. Category: Saltwater fish. Sardinella spp.. cf.: toloy.

kasigpitan   n. A condition of great difficulty, as due to shortage or oppression. O Tuhan, bang paꞌin kami papuwasnu min deyom kasigpitan itū. O God, may you deliver us from this hardship. cf.: katiꞌilan.

kasi-lasa   1 • n. Love and affection. Anangon na ka kasi-lasa ni kami. Pour your loving affection on us.

2 • v. AA pag-. To be loving towards each other.

kasilyas   n. Toilet facilities.

kasirola   n. A metal cooking pot. link: kaldero.

kasī   n. A freshwater eel. Category: Freshwater fish. cf.: tagōꞌ.

kasla   1 • adj. a-. Rough; abusive, of speech. Daꞌa ka akasla bang ka amissala, makaiyaꞌ-iyaꞌ. Don't raise your voice angrily when you speak, it is shameful. Gram: a- link: sꞌndal.

2 • v. AO-2. To scold someone loudly; to rant at someone. Kinaslahan aku heꞌ bōsku, bay bbahanku hinangku. My boss is scolding me, I had stopped doing my work. Gram: AO-2

kaslog   Variant: kaslug. adj. -an. Tough and sinewy, as the muscles of a working man or the flesh of certain fish. Gram: -an

kaslug   adj. -an. Tough and sinewy.

kasob   n. Dense growth; a thicket. Kasob itū asembol. Bang alaꞌat llawta heka kuyyaꞌ, aheka sowa, mareyom. Kasob means dense growth. If we have a bad day there are many monkeys and snakes in there. . cf.: sagmot.

kasōngan   n. The positive future; progress; advance; increase. . Halam aniyaꞌ kasōnganna bang buwattēꞌ na paꞌin kaul-piꞌil. He will have no future if his behavior continues like that. . Ya du bay kasōnganna sangpūꞌ aka lima. That's exactly the increase, fifteen (pesos).

kassaꞌ   n. 1 • Glass (the material). cf.: samin.

2 • A glass container such as a bottle or pitcher. . cf.: garapun, butul.

kassaꞌ-kassaꞌ   v. AStat aN-. To form blisters under the skin as the result of being burned. Gram: AStat. aN- link: danglus.

kassup   1 • n. A large snap fastener.

2 • v. AO-1. To secure with a snap fastener. . link: kattup.

kastilaꞌ   n. A Spaniard.

kasuddahan   n. The worth of something; the worth of a person as evidenced by his character. Saliꞌ nsaꞌ aniyaꞌ kasuddahan sigā ma deyom paglahat. They had no value there in that place. Alaꞌat kasuddahanna aꞌa inān. That fellow's character is bad. link: jaguniꞌ.

kasul   n. The quilted decoration of a mattress cover. link: tilam.

kasuleyaban   n. Flames; conflagration.

kasusahan   n. Something to be troubled about; a problem. A: “Ai kasusahanbi?” B: “Asusa aku ma anakku, waꞌi amusay ni Sitangkay.” A: "What are you troubled about?" B: "I am anxious for my child, he as gone off to Sitangkay." Ya du ilu kasusahanku. That is the very thing I am troubled about.

kasuy   n. The cashew nut. Both the nut and the fruit-like pedicel are eaten. Category: Shore tree. Anacardium occidentale.

kata-kata   n. An epic story in poetic form, sung while the singer is in a trance state, often continuing for several hours without rest. It is closely involved with the animistic sub-strata of Sama life and usually occurs as part of the funeral rites, when it is a substitute for the reading of the Koran. Much of its language is archaic and sometimes obscure. Bang aniyaꞌ amatay aniyaꞌ du magkata-kata saga mattoꞌa lꞌlla ataꞌu. When someone dies there are older men who know how to sing the epic story. link: kissa.

kataksilan   n. A fine or other punishment.

kataddangan   1 • n. A legal authority; a legal warrant.

2 • adj. a-. Legal; authorised.

katahaꞌan   n. The entire length of something.

katalahan   n. The entire distance.

kataluwaꞌan   Variant: katauaʔan. n. The essential content of something said; the real meaning.

katam   1 • n. A plane (the woodworking tool). Note: FARIS khatam 'fine woodworking, especially marquetry.' cf.: sosok.

2 • v. AO-1. To plane something. Gram: AO-1

katandanan   n. The place where landfall is made. . Amatay kita magsabbut ni batu, bang halam aniyaꞌ katandanan. We will wear ourselves out calling on the rocks, if there is no place to land.

katapusan   n. A conclusion; a final item.

katas   n. Paper. linkset: banggala, papel, jimpaw₂.

katas-balan   n. Sandpaper; emery paper.

katas-banggala   n. Heavy paper used for wrapping.

katas-jimpaw   n. Light paper used for kite-making.

katat   adj. a-. Chewy even after cooking, of boiled cassava. Bang kineket mbal pakeket. When you bite it, it's unbiteable. Gram: a- link: ketot.

katauwaꞌan   n. The essence of something; the real meaning.

kataw   1 • adj. a-. Ruffled; rippling.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To cause a water surface to become ruffled. Daꞌa kam angataw-ngataw mailu. Don't make the water ruffled there.

katay   v. AStat pag-. To do aimlessly. Magkatay maglꞌngngan ni dakayuꞌ maka dakayuꞌ. Aimlessly walking to one place and another. Gram: ASite pa- link: lanyaw.

kataꞌ   (See palkataˈan).

kataꞌ-kataꞌ   n. Waves; choppy water. link: goyak.

kataꞌu   1 • v. AO-2. To know something. cf.: kilā.

2 • v. AA pag-. To know each other.

kataꞌu-marayaw   v. AStat pag-. To know what is morally good. Subay toꞌongan iya amikilan bang buwattingga kapanabangna baranna boꞌ iya magkataꞌu-marayaw. He should definitely be thinking how to help himself know that which is morally good.

katāhan   n. The entire distance.

katkat   1 • n. A saw (the woodworking tool). Amꞌlli aku katkat ni Mꞌddas panganggatgatku papan, I'm going to buy a saw in Siasi to cut a board with.

2 • v. AO-1. To cut something with a saw.

katel-katel   n. A launch made in the Western style; a runabout. Katel-katel inān, ya niōnan anak-anak nabal, alꞌkkas. That launch, the one called a baby gunboat, very speedy. Category: Passenger vessels. Note: ENG cutter link: buti.

kati   v. AO-1. To fish by trolling, with a live fish as lure. Amꞌssi aku parilaut angati kalitan. I will fish out at sea to catch shark with a live fish as lure. Category: Hook and line. link: pꞌssi.

katian   n. Live bait; the gear for fishing with live bait. Pabeyaꞌ kita ma sꞌllog, magpalaran kita. Katian inān niengkotan ma limbaꞌ atawa ma panga. Daing allum pangumpan. We go along with the current, we drift. The gear for live-bait fishing is tied to the cross-piece (of canoe) or to a forked support stick. Live fish are used for bait.

katibtiban   n. The final limit, as of the last price in bargaining or of the bride-wealth required by the woman's side.

katibuꞌukan   n. Something in an undivided state, of a material substance or of a group decision. . Bꞌllihin aku nangkaꞌ ma katibuꞌukanna. Buy me an uncut jackfruit. .

katiksaꞌan   n. Hardship.

katig   n. An outrigger. Bang kaut boꞌ alandos toꞌongan goyak, alatas saga katig. Mbal anandal pelang. If out at sea and it is really very rough the outrigger is disconnected. The canoe will not survive. Category: Canoe construction. link: batangan.

katiguwayan   n. The equipment and proceeds of an independent operator. .

katilaw   adj. a-. Persistent in asking questions with connotations of doubt about the answer. Gram: a- cf.: tajakki.

katilibut   n. The entire area surrounding a reference location. link: sakalibut; cf.: duwambilaꞌ.

katilingkal   n. The surrounding area; circumference. link: sakalibut.

katis₁   1 • adj. a-. Finished; consumed. Akatis na tambal panaw boꞌ halam kauliꞌan. The depigmentation medicine is used up but it isn't healed. Gram: a- linkset: hagin, puspus₂, puppus; cf.: ubus₁.

2 • v. AO-1. To use something up. Bay kinatis-katis eꞌna kinakan. He's about finished off the cooked rice.

katis₂   conj. After; then. . Akatis paꞌin anginum magtūy iya bay anguttaꞌ. After drinking she immediately vomited. . Gram: AO-1 link: ubus₂.

katiꞌan   n. A forested area. Komeng itū saliꞌ saitan ma deya, ma deyom kakatiꞌanan. These komeng spirits are like inland demons, inside the forests. link: gulangan.

katiꞌilan   n. Hardship. cf.: kasigpitan.

katobtoban   n. 1 • The outcome of some course of action. linkset: kamattihan, kamaujuran, katumariyahan, patꞌkkahan₁, katꞌkkahan₁.

2 • The maximum extent or degree of something. Ya na itu katobtoban ahãp. This one is the very best.

katohaꞌan   n. Age as a state; maturity.

katohoꞌan   n. An area of sea floor exposed by receding tide. link: kababawan, tꞌbba.

katol   1 • n. An itchy condition of skin. Aliput kōkna heꞌ katol, binuruk saliꞌ. His head is covered with an itchy condition, it's like buruk. . cf.: mꞌssang; linkset: buwaꞌ-buwaꞌ, abas, buruk, kagutgut, ugud.

2 • adj. a-/-in-. Itchy; suffering from an irritating skin condition. Gram: a-

3 • v. AO-1. To scratch the skin to relieve an itch. Katolun konoꞌ bukutku, aheka buwaꞌ-buwaꞌ. Scratch my back please, there are lots of pimples. Gram: AO-1; a- link: kakkut.

4 • v. ASite aN-. To develop into an itchy condition. Bang bullawannu anaknu mbal du koꞌ ilū magkatol. If you rinse your child off that won't turn to a skin condition.

katol atay   adj. a-. Frustrated or irritated by minor things. . Makakatol atay toꞌongan saga ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ itū nilāng. It is very annoying getting these children to stop. Category: Idioms with atay.

katol-katol   n. Surgeonfish sp, a dark-colored fish, several inches in length, with a pointed nose, sandpapery skin and a needle-like spine in the tail. Nggaꞌi ka buwat kappoꞌ maka bawis ya bisana bang makabakat. Saddī min kuput maka palig. Akapal-kapal kulit kuput itu. It (katol-katol) is not like stonefish or rabbiftish in the pain of the wound it causes. It is different also from kuput and palig (other surgeonfish). The skin of the kuput (leatherjacket) is thicker.

katoltol   adj. zero. Intensely itchy. Gram: zero

katom   n. The black sac in some clams which contains a poisonous secretion.

katoꞌahan   Variant: katohaʔan. n. Age as a state; maturity.

katōpan   n. Something appropriate. Ya gantaꞌ katōpan buwat saga amayan kita man pelang, amanis niꞌndaꞌ. The appropriate thing is when we travel by canoe, a beautiful sight to see.

kattek   v. AStat aN-. To rattle; to make a cracking sound. Palꞌddet ka boꞌ angattek toꞌolangnu. Bend backwards till your bones make a cracking noise. Gram: AStat. aN-

kattup   v. AO-1. To click something into place, as parts of a puzzle or halves of a fastener. Buwat kandaru bay ukab, tinambol. Hatina kinattup pabīng. Like a lock that was open, being closed. Meaning it was clicked shut again. Gram: AO-1 linkset: dopon-dopon, kassup, kittup, tikkup.

katubagan   n. A part of the body where a mortal blow can be struck. Bay taluwaꞌ ma lendoꞌna, ma katubaganna. He was hit on the forehead, in a mortal spot.

katuk₁   v. AA pag-. To be definitely committed to getting married, of a courting couple. Pinajatu anakna dꞌnda, pinapagkatuk maka lꞌlla. She made sure of her daughter's prospects, and had her committed to marrying some man. Gram: AA pag-

katuk₂   1 • n. Mental defectiveness, not necessarily permanent or continuous. Buwattēꞌ bang patꞌkka katukna. He is like that when his mental problem comes on him.

2 • adj. a-. Mentally defective. Gram: a-

katumariyahan   n. An ultimate outcome or result. Buwat bay pinahꞌnda, boꞌ mbal bilahi dꞌnda. Yuk mattoꞌana, “Mbal ka bilahi? Daka ai katumariyahannu ilū! Ya kabayaꞌannu subay maghinang kalaꞌatan!” For example, a girl is engaged to marry but does not want to do so. Her parents say, "You don't want to? Goodness knows how you'll end up. All you want is to misbehave!" Bang aminda pikilan Tuhan, ai katumariyahanna? If God changes his mind, what will the outcome be? link: katobtoban.

katumbang   n. A species of fish. Category: Saltwater fish.

katup   v. AA pag-. To be in relationship, of two parts which belong together. Buwat tunang bay maglꞌkkat, makapagkatup na. Like sweethearts who were separated, are back together again. Gram: AA pag-

katūyan   Adverb. Completely, with nothing done to prevent it happening. Bang pakkom katūyan pelang, ahūg ai-ai, alungay. If a canoe goes right over everything falls out and is lost. Maglibat-libat di-na, katūyan du koꞌ inān. He makes his eyes go cross-eyed, it'll become permanent.

katꞌkkahan₁   n. An outcome; a result. Bang aminda pikilan Tuhan, ai katꞌkkahanna? If God changes his mind what will the outcome be? link: katobtoban.

katꞌkkahan₂   n. A destination; an arrival point. Buwat saga amusay kita ni atā. Busayta inān, mbal giꞌ tandaꞌ minsan būd. Halam giꞌ kita minaꞌ-minaꞌ ni katꞌkkahanta. As when we make a long journey. Paddling on, we can't see even a mountain. We are nowhere near our destination.

katꞌkkaran   n. The essence or fundamentals of an issue. Ahangbos, ya katꞌkkaran lling. To the point, the essence of what is said. .

katꞌnnaꞌan   n. The location of something.

kau-   prefix. Prefix indicating multiplicity. (The underlying form of this prefix is Cau-, where C is the initial consonant of the stem.) Akaukanat. Widely scattered. Saga kaukakiku. My collective cousins.

kauk   v. AO-1. To paddle a canoe at right-angles to the line of travel, so as to change direction. Angauk ka, aniyaꞌ hapitta pinaꞌan. Paddle transversely, we have something to call in for there. Gram: AO-1 link: biluk.

kaukaki   n. Cousins, collectively.

kaukanat   adj. a-. Scattered widely.

kaukati   n. A sickness of the lower stomach symptomised by pain and frequent urination. Category: Disease. cf.: kima-kima.

kaudjulan   n. A bereavement; a misfortune.

kaugun   adj. zero. Wasted. Said especially of something wasted unnecessarily or of an untimely loss. Gram: zero synonyms: kaliman.

kaul   n. Mental ability as expressed through speech; the quality of someone's speech. Ahantap. Mbal ka angalaꞌug. Ahāp addat, ahāp kaul-piꞌil. Well behaved. You are not aggressive. Good custom, good speech and actions. . Ahāp kaulnu maka piꞌilnu, bang ma kaseheꞌan ahāp addat maka tabiꞌat. Your words and actions are good, others (say) your custom and your upbringing are good. Note: Usually in the compound kaul-pi'il. cf.: piꞌil, panayu.

kaul-piꞌil   n. The outward aspects of a person's character, i.e. as shown through his speech and action. link: addat-tabiꞌat.

kaum   n. A social unit within a populated area; a neighborhood. Kaum itū, saliꞌ deyom paglahat. Kaum is like a geographical unit.

kauman   n. A neighborhood; a residential unit occupied by people with kinship ties. .

kaumpang   n. The wild almond or Stinky Serculia. This tree has an unpleasantly odorous blossom and is frequently planted by graveyards. Said to be inhabited by spirit beings. Category: Fruit tree. Sterculia foetida.

kausun   n. The color brown or tan. Category: Colors. generic: walnaꞌ.

kaut   Variant: kalaut. 1 • adv. Seawards. Dilaut mbal sakit atā toꞌongan min bihing. Na timbang alawak. Atā kaut timbang. The sea is not very far from the coast. Timbang, it is distant. Timbang is far out to sea. Hēꞌ na alahi kalaut. Away it goes escaping seawards.

2 • v. ASite pag-. To go in a seaward direction from inland or shore. Sampay buwattinaꞌan mbal lagiꞌ makapagkaut. Right up to the present time (we are) still not able to be going to sea. linkset: dilaut, deya, kaleya.

3 • v. AO-1. To get something from out at sea. Aniyaꞌ kautku giꞌ buwat bubu. I still have something such as a bubu type trap to get from out at sea. Gram: AO-1

kawal₁   Variant: kawal-tendog. n. Political adherents; a retinue of followers. . Nā ya hēꞌ amalꞌngngan pitis ni kawal-tendog. So he is the one who sends instructions to the political supporters.

kawal₂   Note: QU is it the hook n. A large fishhook used when trolling for pelagic fish such as tuna. . Category: Hook and line. link: pꞌssi.

kawaliꞌ   n. A large iron cooking pan with two lugs for handling. Buwat kahaꞌ boꞌ aheya. Duwa talingana, halam botoꞌan. Like a kaha but big. It has two lugs, no projecting handle. Category: Cooking utensil. link: kahaꞌ.

kawal-tendog   n. Political adherents.

kawang   adj. a-. Apprehensive or nervous about doing something. Akawang atayna bang hal buwattēꞌ, saliꞌ mbal makatawakkal. His liver is nervous on such occasions, he cannot risk doing it. Category: Anxiety. link: hawal.

kawas   v. AStat pa-. To make a sudden desperate movement, as a hooked or trapped fish, a cornered animal or prisoner. Kamayaꞌin daing ilū ko daꞌa pakawas. Be careful with that fish so that it doesn't get away. Gram: AStat. pa-

kawas napas   v. AStat pag-. To strain painfully for breath, as a person close to death.

kawasa   1 • n. Authority; power; ability from a supernatural source. Bang aku miskin halam na aniyaꞌ saliꞌ takakanku, halam aniyaꞌ tabayanku magusaha, binuwanan aku kawasa eꞌ Tuhan, binuwanan kita kosog. When I am poor and have nothing to eat, and no canoe to go fishing in, God gives me power, gives us strength. cf.: parinta.

2 • adj. a-/-an. Powerful; mighty.

3 • v. AStat. pag-. To exercise authority or power. Bang aniyaꞌ magkawasa Tuhan, taimaꞌ sadja kita ilū. If there is a God who has power, we will be accepted. Gram: AStat. pag- link: agi.

kawas-kawas   n. Sudden gusts of wind without rain. link: alimpunus.

kaway   1 • adj. -in-. Eating compulsively, as a person long deprived. Kinaway pahāp aꞌa inān, bãꞌnu halam bay makakakan dambulan. How greedily that person is acting, you would think he hadn't eaten for a month. Gram: -in- link: kakan₁, lagak.

2 • v. AO-2. To eat without concern for others. Kinawayan eꞌna bãng-bãng. He gobbled up the cookies. Gram: AO-2

kawaꞌ₁   n. A large iron cooking pan with two lugs for handling. Category: Cooking utensil. link: kahaꞌ.

kawaꞌ₂   adj. ka-..-an. Aborted, of a foetus. Gram: ka--an link: labuꞌ.

kawin   1 • v. ASite pa-. To marry into a kin group. Daꞌa kam pakawin ni sigām. Do not marry into them {their family line}.

2 • v. AO-1. To solemnize a marriage. Gram: AO-1 cf.: lahi₁; linkset: kasal, pabatal, timbul.

3 • v. AA pag-. To get married. Gram: AA pag-

kawit₁   v. AO-1. To raise something by lifting it on the end of a stick. Bang aniyaꞌ ahūg buwat sꞌmmek subay kinawit pariyataꞌ. If something such as clothing falls (into the sea) it should be lifted up on a stick. Gram: AO-1 link: kohed.

kawit₂   1 • n. A disease characterized by widespread infection on extremities and in the pubic area; gangrene; lesions associated with Hansen's disease. . Category: Skin disease. Note: The term is sometimes applied to leprous lesions. link: upāng.

2 • adj. -in-. Suffering from widespread infection or gangrene. . Angay ka? Kinawit tapeꞌnu? What's wrong with you? Are your feet rotted off? {Said in irritation to someone walking carelessly.} . Gram: -in-

kawit-pupud   1 • n. The loss of fingers or toes as a secondary effect of Hansen's disease.

2 • adj. -in-. Suffering the loss of digits due to disease.

kayab   1 • n. Something used as a fan. synonyms: kabkab.

2 • v. AO-2. To fan something in order to create movement of air or water. Kayabin aku apa ilu apasuꞌ baranku. Fan me because my body is hot. Gram: AO-2

kayab-kayab   n. A scallop or fan shell. . Category: Shellfish. fam. Pectinidae.

kaya-kaya   v. AO-2 pag-. To carry out all the stages of mourning procedures for a person who has died. Gram: AO-2 pag-

kayang-kayang   v. AStat pa-. To flap or blow about in the wind, as thatch shingles, an awning, a poorly fastened sail. Pakayang-kayang atopna. Bang mbal tapahãp, magka'at. The thatch is flapping in the wind. If it is not repaired it will be ruined. Gram: AStat. pag- cf.: bulallay.

kayapoꞌ   n. The water lettuce, a leafy plant which grows in swampy soil, used medicinally. Category:  Shore plants.

kayas   1 • v. AStat pa-. To move with a vigorous sweeping motion. Buwat saga amusay, yukta, “Pakayas ka amusay. Kayasin busaynu ilū.” Like when paddling, we say, "Be vigorous when you paddle. Swing that paddle of yours." Anth: cf.: kaskas₁.

2 • v. AO-2. To move something with a sweeping motion. Bang aheka sꞌggit ma deyoꞌ lumaꞌ subay kinayasan boꞌ ahawan. When there is a lot of rubbish under the house it should be swished so as to be clear. Kinayasan busaynu amowa boheꞌ pariyataꞌ. Swing your paddle to make water come up.

kayawan   n. Various bamboos, both spiny and non-spiny species. Category: Grains & grasses. Bambusa spp.. link: pꞌttung.

kayaꞌ   (See kakayaˈan).

kaykay   n. An edible bivalve, a lucine clam found about six inches deep in exposed sand. Category: Shellfish. fam. Tellinidae.

kayog   1 • adj. a-. Thin, of a person's physical condition. Gram: a- link: kagkag.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To become thin. Gram: AStat. aN-

kayu   1 • n. A tree, generic for many trees and shrubs, but not including the coconut. Category: Trees, shrubs. part: engas, gamut, dahun₁; cf.: poꞌon₁.

2 • v. AO-2. To put firewood on a fire. Gram: AO-2

kayung-kayung   n. A species of fish. Category: Saltwater fish.

kayuwan   n. A species of cane 2.5cm in maximum diameter, used in weaving fish-traps and reef fences. Category: Grains & grasses. link: pꞌttung.

kayuꞌ   Classifier. Individual items of any sort. (Only with the clitic numeral da- 'one'.) Dakayuꞌ du lumaꞌ. Just one house. cf.: solag, dakayuꞌ₂.

kaꞌ   voc n. Abbreviation of kaka', address term to an older relative of ego's generation. synonyms: kakaꞌ.

kaꞌa   Pronoun. You. Second person singular pronoun, Set III. Occurs as focused Object, with a preposition or as an emphatic pronoun. . Kaꞌa koꞌ ilū. So it's you then (a conventional greeting). A: “Ma sai kahawa itū?” B: “Ma kaꞌa.” A: "Who is this coffee for?" B: "For you." cf.: nu, bī; link: aku₁.

kaꞌam   Pronoun. You, plural. Second person plural pronoun, Set III. Occurs as focused Object, or with a preposition, or as an emphatic form. Kaꞌam ilū, subay angasip. You there, you had better pay attention. cf.: kam; link: aku₁.

kaꞌaniban   n. Danger from people.

kaꞌang   n. A glazed earthenware jar with a wide mouth, used mainly for storing water. Category: Jars. link: kibut.

kaꞌat   v. AStat pag-. To suffer damage; to be wrecked. Buliburun pelang īꞌ tudju piꞌitu mundaꞌna boꞌ mbal magkaꞌat sangpad. Turn the front of that canoe round towards here so that the raised-prow won't be damaged. Gram: AStat. pag- cf.: langkat; linkset: lapnas, lognos, ponas, sapsay, luhuꞌ₁.

kaꞌbbahan   adj. ka-..-an. Abandoned by kin; orphaned.

kaꞌinagon   v. AO-2 pag-. To keep someone favorably in mind with a view to providing for their needs. Magkaꞌinagon ka, Sēl, ma sai-sai ahāp ma deyom lumaꞌbi. You think about the welfare, Sir, of anyone in your household who is good. Gram: AO-2 pag-

kaꞌis   adj. a-. Quick, as someone walking at a near-run. Gram: a- link: kasay.

kaꞌllum   n. Life, as an abstract state. Kaꞌllum-kamatay, ameyaꞌ aku ma kaꞌa. Whether alive or dead, I will go with you.

kaꞌlluman   Variant: kalluman. n. The means of sustaining life; livelihood. cf.: kahirupan.

kaꞌmbal   n. Negative response or attitude. Bꞌnnal aniyaꞌ kaꞌmbalna, ya mbal kasulutan. True he has reservations, not being in agreement.

kaꞌmboꞌan   n. Smallpox, a disease attributed to the action of ritual ancestors. synonyms: ttus-ttus.

kaꞌmboꞌ-mboꞌan   n. Forebears, ancestors, viewed collectively. Bay waktu kaꞌmboꞌ-mboꞌan giꞌ. Back in the time of the ancestors.. cf.: muꞌmin.

kaꞌob   v. AA pag-. To fit together face to face, of flat objects such as plates, coins, planks. Lꞌssik-lꞌssik itū taga-kulit duwa magkaꞌob. These barnacles have shells, two joined together. Gram: AO-1 pag- link: dagpak.

kaꞌssa   adv. Firstly.

kaꞌullang   Variant: ulaŋ. n. A shrimp; a prawn. Category:  Crustaceans. cf.: ullang.

kādja   v. AStat. pag-. To engage in a ceremony intended to ensure good fortune by placating ancestral spirits who might otherwise do harm. Especially relevant for newly married couples, first-born babies, or someone with a chronic illness. . In this ceremony, more common in Tausug than in Sama society, a goat or a chicken is slaughtered and prepared by a water source. The women who do the cooking must be girls before puberty and women after menopause. Only clay pots and wooden utensils are used, and people present may may take these home after the ceremony. Gram: AStat. pag-

kām   Variant: kam. pron. You plural. Second person plural pronoun , Set I. Occurs as topic or focused Subject.

kās   v. AO-1. To gather with a sweeping motion; to rake. Gram: AO-1 link: kahig.

kāt   n. The humphead or Napoleon wrasse. Category: Saltwater fish. Cheilinus undulatus (?).

kāt-buggulan   n. A mature humphead wrasse. . Category: Saltwater fish.

kka   v. AO-2. To untie something. Ndiya laring, mbal paꞌkka engkotna itū. Hand me a knife, the tie of this thing won't undo. Category: Untie or unravel. Gram: AO-2 synonyms: hubad; cf.: tustus.

kkat   v. AO-2. To separate one thing from another. Niꞌkkatan tanganna. His hand was detached (from what it was holding). Gram: AO-2

kebak   Variant: kobak. adj. a-. Damaged by removal of a chunk, as fruit damaged by fruit bats; figuratively, drained of financial resources. . Kakobakan altaꞌta. Our money is nearly used up (by some expense). Gram: a- linkset: kobet₁, sombeng₁, tꞌbbeꞌ, sꞌbbang, sembong, kꞌbbang.

kebang   1 • n. Fruit which has been damaged by an animal or bird. A: “Kebang ai?” B: “Kebang mampallam.” A: "What kind of damaged fruit is it?" B: "Damaged mango."

2 • v. AO-2. To cut out a damaged part from fruit. Kebangin maka laring. Nilaꞌanan bay keket kabog. Use a knife to cut out the damaged piece. Remove the part bitten by the bat. Gram: AO-2

kebed-kebed₁   n. The broad decorative edging of a garment, as the lace sleeve or lapel of a blouse.

kebed-kebed₂   v. AStat. pag-. To move restlessly. Minsan buꞌunta magkebed-kebed, taluwaꞌ baliyu. Even our hair moves, hit by the wind. Gram: AStat. pag-

keke   Note: QU gloss, example v. AO-2. To remove the surface of something by scraping. Buwat gahaꞌ, kineke. Scraped off, like rust. Gram: AO-2 synonyms: kagis.

keket   1 • n. The imprint left by teeth or by a biting insect. A: “Ai makabakat ilū?” B: “Bay keket eroꞌ.” A: "What caused that wound?" B: "It was a dog bite."

2 • v. AO-1. To bite something, as a human, animal or fish biting food or snapping at something which threatens its safety; to sting, of insects such as a bee or mosquito. . Kineket eꞌ si Indil tangan siyakana. Indil bit her older sister's hand. Gram: AO-1 linkset: kikkit, kitkit, kꞌttop.

kehab   adj. a-. To be apart, as the opposing edges of something normally joined. . A: “Angay akehab bꞌttisnu ilu? Bay ka nilagut?” B: “Bay aku ahūg min diyataꞌ lumaꞌ.” A: "Why is there a gaping wound on your leg? Were you slashed?" B: "I fell from the top of the house." Gram: a-

kehe   1 • n. A hollow place or cleft under an overhanging rock or coral formation. . Waꞌi ma lowang kehe patapuk. Hiding there in that hole. link: lowang.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To form a hole or horizontal depression in rock. Angehe batu ilū. That coral rock opens out into a cleft.

kehem   adj. a-. Making a coughing noise or clearing the throat. . Akehem si Linda. Linda is making a coughing noise. Bang ma tonga' bahangi', aniya' takalenu akehem, "Ahem," buwattēꞌ. In the middle of the night you hear someone making a coughing noise, "Ahem", like that. . Gram: AStat. a- cf.: kahak.

kehet   1 • v. AO-1. To slice or cut smaller pieces off something. Kehetun ma aku wanni itū. Bay na kinuwitan boꞌ kinehet. Slice that odorous mango for me. It has been peeled for slicing. . Category: Cut. Gram: AO-1 link: hilap.

2 • Classifier. Slices of edible items.

kehet-botoꞌ   n. A species of crevalle. Category: Saltwater fish. fam. Carangidae.

keheꞌ-keheꞌ   v. AState aN-. To laugh excitedly with the teeth displayed, as a person highly pleased with something. Angeheꞌ-ngeheꞌ, saliꞌ pinakisiꞌ emponna, pinaluwas kamemon. Laughing excitedly, sort of exposing his teeth by drawing back the lips, showing everything. Ai pangeheꞌ-neheꞌannu? Saliꞌ ai kalasigannu? What are you laughing excitedly about? Like (asking) what are you so happy about? link: kiyum.

kelas   adj. zero. Bald due to a wound. Gram: zero cf.: lengas₁; linkset: penggas, ungas, botak.

keleng   1 • v. ASite pa-. To turn the head away from. Gram: ASite pa- cf.: linga-linga, elong-elong₁.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To shake or turn the head to indicate refusal. Mbal bilahi. Itiyaꞌ magkelengan. He isn't willing. He keeps on shaking his head. Gram: AO-2 cf.: handuk.

keles   v. ASite pa-. To turn the eyes away from someone, as to discontinue a discussion, to indicate displeasure. Buwat magbissala, mbal kita makaꞌatu, subay kita pakeles. Like when talking together and we can't compete, we have to turn our head away. link: lingiꞌ.