A - a

aba-aba   n. A charm contained in a small bag, usually tied around the waist but occasionally hung around the neck. Category: Amulet. link: hampan.

abakadol   n. The avocado pear. Category: Fruit tree. Persea americana..

abag   adj. a-. In fine condition, with regard to size or numbers. Aꞌabag pahāp tuhugan daing. The strings of fish are excellent. Saging itu aꞌabag sꞌkkatanna. Kilā·ku ahāp bay bolehan·na. These are fine hands of bananas. I think the entire stalk must have been good. Gram: a- cf.: jatu.

abal   1 • n. The rough water at the meeting of two currents. Bang hal goyak tasaggaꞌan, bang abal mbal. If it is merely rough water one can make headway against it, if it is abal one cannot. Taluwaꞌ kami abal ma dilaut, hal kami magpagūng. We run into churning water out at sea, we simply float. Category: Movement of water.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To make the sound of turbulence between water and a solid object, one of which is moving. Angabal tahik, sōng tꞌbba. The sea is roaring; it will soon be low tide. Category:  Sounds of water. Gram: AStat. aN- link: sahabal; cf.: sambꞌllong, llis.

abana   (See duwa-abana).

abang   v. ASite pa-. To meet someone who has just arrived. Sikaꞌabang-abangan sadja ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ. The children are simply out en masse to welcome visitors. link: bāk₁.

abas   1 • n. A skin condition symptomized by minute erupting pustules and itching, due to diarrhoea scald, excessive perspiration, or an irritant such as sand, dust or saltwater. Abas itu akatol, amuwan lꞌkkang labi min buwaꞌ-buwaꞌ llaw. Abas is itchy, and discharges more serum than prickly heat. link: katol.

2 • adj. -in-. Affected by such a skin condition.

3 • v. AStat aN-. To form itchy pustules. . Gram: AStat. aN-

abat   adj. ka-..-an. Harmed or troubled by something supernatural. Subay konoꞌ anulug gallang labu boꞌ mbal kaꞌabatan. It is said that a shell bracelet should be worn to prevent being harmed by a spirit being.

abay₁   1 • n. A person or a canoe in the same fishing fleet. Taꞌndaꞌ paꞌin tulis pelang, yuk·kami, “Inaꞌan abay·ta.” When we saw the decorative lines of the canoe, we said, "That is our fleet member."

2 • v. AStat. pa-/aN-. To accompany another vessel, as a lone canoe joins itself to a fleet. Gana daiꞌ llaw, angabay na kami ma si D. When daylight comes we will go in the fleet with D.

3 • v. AA pag-. To accompany each other in separate conveyances, as a kin group engaged in a cooperative fishing project. Magabay kita ni Tapaꞌan anondaꞌ. Let's travel together to Tapa'an and troll.

abay₂   n. The period after a pivotal time event such as daybreak or sunset. . Maghinang abay min daiꞌ-llaw sampay pasꞌddop mata llaw. They worked from after daybreak until the sun set.

abayan   n. A fleet of conveyances travelling together, implying common intention rather than physical proximity. Sangkaꞌabayan kami. We are of one fleet.

abay-kohap   n. The period of light after the sun sets. Abay-kohap alempos na, magalib. Saliꞌ halam aniyaꞌ llaw taꞌndaꞌ, minsan keyat-keyatna. Abay-kohap is dark already, evening prayer time. The sun is no longer seen, not even its light. . Category: Stages of day. linkset: logob-logob, lempos, sūꞌ-palitaꞌan, magrib, lekot-lendom.

abay-subu   n. The period of time after sunrise; morning. Category: Stages of day.

abbit   Variant: ablit; taʔabbit. v. AO-1. To mention someone by name for the purpose of including him, as in an invitation or ceremony. Bang magkawin na, subay tinaꞌabbit kakampungan. On the wedding, the relatives should be invited. Gram: AO-1

abbu   1 • n. Pride or dignity, as from the real or pretended possession of some asset such as social position. Aꞌa inān hal amaꞌndaꞌan abbu·na. That person is just displaying his conceit.

2 • adj. -an. Proud, conceited. Alaꞌat bang aꞌa makalanduꞌ abbuhan, bilang halam bagayna. It is bad when a person is excessively proud, he often has no friends.

3 • v. AStat. pag-. To behave in a manner indicating pride, as a person flaunting the possession of something desirable. Mamarahi pagabbuku, mbal aku kinabayaꞌan. My pride is excessive, I will not be desired. Gram: AStat. pagpa- linkset: malangkahi, tāp-tāp.

4 • v. AO-2. To flaunt one's possession at someone as object. Kaꞌa ya pangabbuhanku, sabab ilu ma kaꞌa bay arāk tunangku. You are the target of my boasting, because you have the one who might have been my sweetheart. Gram: AO-2

abbu-abbu   v. AStat pag-. To pretend to the possession of some asset, to boast of an imaginary accomplishment. link: bantug-bantug.

abila   Variant: abilaʔ. conj. 1 • If, as a supposition, as of a situation which is possible but not certain. Introduces a dependent clause. Buwat aꞌa abakat. Yuk·ta, “Abila ilu mbal tambalan·nu, paheya koꞌ ilu.” As when a person has a wound. We say, "If you don't get that treated it will get worse." link: bang₁.

2 • When, as of an event which is expected to take place in the future; whenever, as of a condition which has a certain result. Abila na ka ni boheꞌ, gana-gana ka magsumauꞌ. Whenever you go for water you are bound to trip over.

abilaꞌ   

abin   Variant: tabin. v. AO-1. To ensure the possession or retention of something of primary importance. . Bay aku pakkom. Waꞌi na alungay kamemon. Yangkon taꞌabin·ku busay maka peyaꞌ. I capsized; everything was lost. All I could make sure of saving was the paddle and bailer. Buwat kulaet itū angkan binowa ni kaꞌa pinahāp. Niabin heꞌ·sigā pagsūꞌ, sabab sōng tꞌddoꞌ. Like this pressure lantern, the reason it is being brought to you is to have it mended. They want to be sure of having it for lamp-fishing because it will soon be calm. Hal busay tatabin maka panait. Only the paddle and a bailer was saved. Gram: AO-1 link: appula.

abing   v. AA pag-. To be in the same place together by chance. Gram: AA pag- link: sabu.

abiyug   v. AO-1. To seduce compel a person to do something against his will. . Abiyugun ba, piꞌingga-piꞌingga kalꞌngnganan·nu. Hatina, ameyaꞌ kita ma iya. Take him with you, regardless of where you are going. In other words, we go with him. . Illagin karꞌndahan magpangabiyug. Be on guard against women who are in the habit of seducing. This can be the action of another human, a saitan spirit or a person's own spirit counterpart. Gram: AO-1 cf.: angin.

abjan   v. AO-2. To retaliate; to respond in kind. Bang angastol aꞌa, daꞌa na abjanin boꞌ mbal paheya kalengogan. If a man is angry, don't react so that the situation will not worsen. Gram: AO-2

ablay   1 • v. ASite pa-. To put one's arm across another's shoulder. Paꞌablay ka ma baha·ku. Put your arm across my shoulder.

2 • v. AA pag-. To be together with an arm across each other's shoulder or upper arm, as friends sitting or walking together. Subay sigām magablay bang ma palꞌngnganan, tināw tabba. They have to walk together arm in arm, afraid of being left behind. Gram: AA pag-

ablit   v. AO-1. To mention someone by name for the purpose of including him, as in an invitation or ceremony. Gram: AO-1

ablong   n. A large fish spear. Category: Spearing. link: sahapang.

abokado   Variant: abakadol. n. The avocado pear. Category: Fruit tree. Persea americana.

abong   1 • adj. a-. Unfocused, of eyes. Saliꞌ magtunggang-kīng, aꞌabong mata·ku. Unsteady and off balance, my eyes unfocused. synonyms: bōng.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To be unfocused. Magabong eꞌ·ku angꞌndaꞌ. Saliꞌ duwa tandaꞌ·ku, auling mata·ku saliꞌ. I see things unfocused. It is as if I saw two, as if my eyes were unsteady.

abōꞌ   conj. Expresses purpose; in order to, so that an intention becomes immediately possible. This variant does not form a compound with supaya. Sūꞌan·ku palitaꞌan abōꞌ mbal angalꞌddom. I shall light the lamp so that it isn't dark. Subay patandaw tunang·ku abōꞌ taꞌndaꞌ eꞌ·na aku. My betrothed needs to look out so that she can see me.

absen   adj. zero. Absent from class, a school word. cf.: bukut₂, likut.

abu   1 • n. Ash; ashes. Maglampasu maka abu boꞌ alanuꞌ. Polish the floor with ashes so that it will be clean.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To become ashes.

abu-abu₁   adj. zero. Greyish in color. Kihampaw-bās abu-abu walnaꞌna. Sand ray, grayish in color. Gram: zero generic: walnaꞌ.

abu-abu₂   v. AStat aN-. To become vague in outline, as of loss of distinctness due to cloud, darkness or distance. Angabu-ngabu na saliꞌ būd, saliꞌ angandom. The mountains become indistinct, as if it was clouding over. link: hanaw-hanaw.

abugaw   n. A legal counsel; a lawyer. Abugaw itu alanga min kapitan. Angahukum ma aꞌa mbal magsulut. An abugaw is of higher rank than a barrio captain. He judges people who can't come to an agreement. cf.: huwis, saraꞌ.

abugguꞌ   Variant: habugguʔ. v. ASite aN-. To be jealous of someone. Abugguꞌan hꞌnda·na lubaꞌ bang makaꞌndaꞌ aꞌa magbulawan. His wife is jealous especially when she sees people wearing jewelry. link: ihid.

abuhan   (See sabba-abuhan).

abunaw   v. AO-2. To accept responsibility or liability for something, as for person's food, debt, crime, property borrowed. Bang magsallaꞌ boꞌ halam amayad, angabunaw aku. When gambling with coins and someone can't pay, I guarantee payment. link: atas₁.

abung   1 • v. ASite aN-. To go ahead of others. Angabung na paꞌin iya bang anꞌbba. She's always going ahead of the group when gathering sea food.

2 • v. AO-1. To intercept something or someone by going overtaking or taking a shortcut.

abut₁   1 • v. ASite pa-/-um-. To reach as far as; to touch bottom. . Mbal aku umabut. Tundugun aku man pelang. I won't touch the bottom {without getting wet}. Ferry me by canoe. Bang mbal makaꞌabut tambuꞌ ilū sugpatin maka lupis abōꞌ umabut. If that dipper won't reach extend it with a piece of banana fiber so it does reach. Gram: ASite pa-/-um- linkset: tandan₁, tꞌkka₂, sampay₁, tundug, tꞌkkad.

2 • v. AO-1. To reach or come across something. Gram: AO-1 cf.: kara-kara₁.

3 • v. AA pag-. To meet up with each other, with the connotation of timing it well. . Anangisan siyalina. Halam sigām bay magabut. He is mourning his younger brother. They didn't get to see each other (before he died). Gram: AA pag-

4 • adj. ta-. Caught in the act of committing an offense. Taꞌabut ka anangkaw ma kara-kara. Bang halam taꞌabut ma kara-kara boꞌ hal tuhuma bay anangkaw, mbal bꞌnnal. You were caught in the act of stealing. If you were not caught and it was just hearsay, then it is not true.

abut₂   adv. Imminently, i.e. that the event referred to is about to happen with the connotation of need for haste. Palꞌkkas kam, abut ulan. Hurry up, it's about to rain. link: maraiꞌ₂.

abut-abut   1 • v. AO-1. To do something persistently and repeatedly. Sinahiꞌ-sahiꞌ iya bang maghinang, saliꞌ niabut-abut. He is impatient when working, doing it persistently. Gram: AO-1 link: ambat-ambat.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To occur repetitively. Magabut-abut sadja timbak ēꞌ. That shooting keeps on. Gram: AStat. pag-

aka   conj. And; plus; with.

akal   n. The fibrous particles remaining in coconut oil after it has been rendered down. link: angkas₁.

akal-bahal   n. A black coral used in jewelry; ebony. Category: Marine plants.

akal-baran   n. The physical body after death, viewed as the remains of what was once a living being. link: pangdayaw.

akasya   n. A leguminous shade tree, the monkey pod or rain tree. . Category: Shore tree. Samanea saman..

akay   v. AO-1. To contain something adequately, usually with negative perfective. Mbal taꞌakay buwas itu. This rice won't all go in (to the container). Gram: AO-1 cf.: isi₂.

akkal₁   n. Intellect; intelligence. . Halam akkalan. Having no sense. link: pamikil.

akkal₂   v. AO-2. To cheat or deceive someone. Saupama buwat aku nsaꞌ aniyaꞌ apꞌddiꞌ, amabāꞌ aku apꞌddiꞌ kōkku parahāl nsaꞌ. Ya heꞌ niōnan magakkal. For example if I have no pain, I say I have a headache even though I don't. That is deception. Bay aku kaꞌakkalan ma tinda, kulang pangahūg ma sīnku. I was cheated at the store, my change money was lacking. Gram: AO-2 linkset: kaikit₁, lingu, kidjib₁, kulliꞌ, labbaꞌ₂, laung, balidja.

akkal-pikilan   n. Mental faculties; the ability to reason. Alaꞌan sipatta, halam aniyaꞌ akkal-pikilanta. Our awareness has left us, we have no rational thought.

akkul   v. AO-2. To persevere at one activity. Gram: AO-2 link: tukid.

akkula   v. AO-1. To keep careful hold of something no matter where one goes or what one does. Gram: AO-1

akil-balig   n. An ignorant or untaught person, with connotation of mental slowness. Can also use as a comparison to a child-like attitude. cf.: balig.

akon-akon   n. A grudge; ill-feeling towards someone; resentment. Nsaꞌ akon-akon ma deyom atayku bang kaꞌa-i pasōd ni deyom lumaꞌku. I don't have ill-feelings inside me when you come inside my house. linkset: agmol, bogon₂, buliꞌan₁, kotoꞌ-kotoꞌ, lagod-lagod, tumpalak, agmot-agmot, dugdug; cf.: tamsil, saggan, sāk₂, sammal.

aksi   v. AState aN-. To sneeze. Gram: AStat. aN- synonyms: baꞌanan₁.

aku₁   pron. I; me. First person singular pronoun, Set III. Occurs as focused Object, with a preposition or as an emphatic pronoun. cf.: akū; linkset: kaꞌa, kami, kita, kitam, kaꞌam, sigām, iya.

aku₂   v. AOC-2. To accept personal responsibility for some situation or demand. Saupama atilaw kita dꞌnda; jari binangharan kita P300, bang kita bilahi ma dꞌnda heꞌ, na angaku na kita. Bang kita mbal angaku, pasebog na kita. For example if you ask about a girl, then the bride price is P300, if we like the girl we accept the conditions. If not then we back out. Niaku eꞌna pagpaiskul baꞌanan siyalina. He took the responsibilities of supporting his siblings' schooling. Gram: AOC-2 link: atas₁.

akup   Variant: hakup. v. AO-1. To scoop something up in one or both hands. Bang aku amangan sinanglag subay niakup. When I eat pan-roasted cassava I must scoop it up in my hand. Gram: AO-1 cf.: sꞌkkol; linkset: kamut, pudjut, sakkop₁, sakmit.

akū   pron. I; me. First person singular pronoun, Set I. Occurs as focused Subject. cf.: aku₁; linkset: kamī, kitā, kitām, kam, sigām, iyā.

addat   1 • n. Customary behavior; manners. Addat·kami Sama. Our Sama customs. cf.: jaguniꞌ.

2 • adj. a-. Courteous; well-mannered. Mahēꞌ na saliꞌ magbowa-bowa baranna piꞌingga-piꞌingga, saliꞌ aꞌaddat. While he is there conducting himself all over the place, quite courteous. link: hongpot.

addat-tabiꞌat   n. Behavior displayed in word and action. linkset: kaul-piꞌil, kalakkuhan, palangay, hudjidjat.

addun   1 • v. AO-1. To mix ingredients, as for cakes or bread. Gram: AO-1

2 • adj. a-. Sufficiently mixed. Gram: a-

addunan   n. Dough.

adil   adj. a-. Morally righteous. Aꞌadil, mbal anganjahulakaꞌ, mbal aꞌabbu, anangkaw, mbal magputing. Righteous; he doesn't act treacherously, doesn't brag, or steal, or tell lies. Magadil-adil di·na, parahāl umbul dakayuꞌ pamomonoꞌ. He pretends to be righteous, but in reality he is a top-ranking killer. Gram: a- cf.: bontol, hāp.

adjal   v. AO-1. To prepare something for cooking or eating. Paꞌadjalun daing inān ko daꞌa abuhuk. Have that fish prepared for cooking so it won't be rotten. Gram: AO-1

adjiꞌ   v. AO-1. To receive an Islamic education; to read or recite religious texts, especially the Koran; to engage in study generally. Alanga pangadjiꞌ·na. His education is advanced. Gram: AO-1 linkset: anad, istadi, guru.

adjung   n. An archaic sailing vessel, mentioned only in folk tales.

adjung-adjung   v. AO-2. To attach an upper plank (not necessarily running the entire length) to a dugout hull for the purpose of fastening the outrigger booms. Gram: AO-2 link: tapiꞌ.

adla   adj. a-. Difficult to approach or catch, usually of animals. Aꞌadla itū saliꞌ mbal pasaggaw, buwat du sapiꞌ. Adla is when something cannot be caught, such as a cow. cf.: emon.

ael   Variant: ail. v. AO-2. To wash ceremonially in preparation for prayer. Bang magsambahayang subay magail dahū; kinoseꞌan na tangan·sigā saga tapeꞌ·sigā, talinga. When praying, people should wash first; they wash their hands, their feet, ears. Gram: AO-2 cf.: puppuꞌ.

aes   n. Ice. cf.: elo.

aeskrīm   n. Icecream.

agak   1 • adj. a-. Cautious.

2 • v. AStat pa-. To treat something carefully because of its fragility or sensitivity. Paꞌagak du ka bang amissala, daꞌa ka abagas. Be careful when you speak, don't be rough. Gram: AO-1

agak-agak   1 • adv. Carefully, without haste.

2 • v. AO-1. To take care of something. Angagak-ngagak ka di·nu bang ka lumꞌngngan. Take care of yourself when you walk somewhere. Gram: AO-1

agad₁   1 • v. AO-2. To await something or someone. . Si Samoꞌ bay angalga, agaran·ku ma jambatan. Samo' was stevedoring, I waited for him at the wharf. Angagad ka daiꞌ-daiꞌ. Wait a moment.

2 • v. ASite aN-. To expect or hope for something. link: holat.

agad₂   adj. zero. Coins held tail to head before tossing in the local version of the game of two-up. . Agad itū bang kabaꞌ maka taꞌu pinagkaꞌob, basta samasunsang karuwa sīn. Agad is when the coins are placed together tail to head, when the two coins are in opposing position. Gram: zero cf.: sallaꞌ₂; link: tingka.

agad-hawid   v. AStat aN-. To make a show of courage while hoping someone will prevent the fight.

agal-agal   n. An edible seaweed used in the preparation of jelly-like desserts. Also a source of valuable colloids. Category:  Marine plants.

agama₁   1 • n. A religious system, with particular reference to Islam. Panubuꞌ·sigām ilū asal magaꞌagama. Their descent group have always been devoutly religious people.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To practise one's religion. . Magaꞌagama si Anu. So and so is a religious person. . link: ammal₁.

agap₁   n. Various kinds of parrots. Category:  Birds. specific: bukay-bukay₁, kangag, nyuliꞌ.

agap₂   v. AO-1. To feel for something in the dark; to grope for something; to touch a woman with amorous intent. . Si A bay na angagap dꞌnda. A made advances to a girl (at night). Gram: AO-1 cf.: ahat; linkset: gindas, sanaw, sassaw, sadsad.

agasi   n. A giant, a mythical creature. Na, agasi itū ya anganggensang aꞌa inān. Giants are the beings that tear humans apart. Category:  Supernatural. cf.: saitan lagtaw.

agaw   1 • v. AO-1. To take something forcibly in the face of resistance; to commandeer something unlawfully for one's own purposes. Niagaw dꞌnda dumaꞌin ka hꞌnda·na. He seized a woman who wasn't his wife. linkset: lolog, lopos, longkop.

2 • v. AA pag-. To contend together for the same thing.

agaw-agaw   v. ASite pa-. To shade towards another color, as red which tends to purple or green which tends to yellow. Roughly equivalent to the English suffix -ish on color words. Gaddung paꞌagaw-agaw ni biyaning. Green which is somewhat yellow. Gram: ASite pa-

agaw-besod   v. AA pag-. To make contradictory statements to each other. Gram: AA pag-

agaw-bissala   v. AA pag-. To carry on a war of words. Maglugat, saliꞌ magagaw-bissala pariyataꞌ. Arguing, waging an upward tug-of-words. cf.: lugat, besod.

agaw-buwaꞌ   v. ASite pa-. To grow bigger than an older sibling.

agaw-napas   v. AStat pag-. To struggle for breath. Bay sigām kaꞌamu-amuꞌan eꞌ·na barakat minsan iya magagaw-napas. He prayed a blessing over them even though he was struggling for breath.

agay   1 • voc n. Address term for close friend or spouse. link: bagay.

2 • v. AA pag-. To be in a relationship of close friendship. Gram: AA pag-

agkāꞌ   exclamation. Indicates sudden pain. Bang kita tatukul anak-tanganta magtūy kita akaōnan agkāꞌ. When we pound a finger, we immediately say agka. cf.: dahing; linkset: allā, anā, arī, arōy, asē, dāꞌ, ē, alā, ayī, aruhuy.

agdaw   n. A species of hardwood prized for its durable timber. Category: Shore tree. Vitex sp.. cf.: amulawan.

aggal   1 • adj. zero. Reluctant; slow to respond to stimulus. Aggal-aggal daing aninduk, nggaꞌi ka patahunan·na, tuꞌud aglawanan mūpū. The fish are slow to bite, it isn't the season for them; they are waiting for the Pleiades to appear. Minsan kinakan, yuk·ta agaggal. We can even say of food that it is slow (to get cooked). link: lallay.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To be slow to respond to stimulus. Gram: Stat. pag-

agi   v. AO-2 pag-. To exercise control or authority over something. Pinagagihan ondeꞌ iskul heꞌ mastal. Yuk mastal, “Pehēꞌ ka angāꞌ boheꞌ,” waꞌi du angāꞌ boheꞌ. School children are under the teacher's control. He says, "Go and fetch water," and off they go to get it. Gram: AO-2 pag- linkset: kapatut, kumaꞌagi, kawasa, bayaꞌ₁.

agid   v. AA pag-. To be similar in appearance or sound. Magagi asal ōn kami. Our names are in fact similar. cf.: anggil.

aging   1 • v. AStat pa-. To interrupt by inadvertently doing something that affects what another person is doing at the same time. Yuk dangan, “Amaindam ka tukul.” Yuk isāb dangan, “Oy, paꞌaging ka. Itiyaꞌ isāb indamanku itū.” One says, "Let me borrow a hammer." The other says, "Hey, you're butting in. I'm borrowing it too." Aging itū mbal kinataꞌuwan, sabu itū tinuꞌud. This word aging refers to something not known about {beforehand}, sabu is deliberate.

2 • v. AO-2. To interrupt someone or some activity. . Maghinang kita boꞌ aniyaꞌ piꞌitu atawa angalingan, na mbal tatalusta bay hinangta. Niagingan kita heꞌ bay angalingan. We are doing something when someone comes by or calls out, then we cannot finish what we are doing. We are interrupted by the one calling out. .

agmol   1 • n. Grudge or resentment.

2 • v. AO-2. To hold a grudge against someone. Niagmolan, saliꞌ mbal paluwas himumungan, saliꞌ magbogon-magbogon. Kept as a grudge, like when no word is uttered, as though nursing hard feelings. . Gram: AO-2 link: akon-akon.

agmot-agmot   1 • n. Feeling of resentment; a grudge. link: akon-akon.

2 • v. AO-2. To hold a grudge against or blame someone for an offense. Saula na alungay bangkaꞌna, aku ya niagmot-agmotan konoꞌ bay angꞌlloꞌ, parahāl tuꞌud bay talaran. As if his canoe was missing, I am the one blamed, so they say, for having taken it, when in fact it just drifted away. Gram: AO-2

agod   v. AO-1. To paddle a canoe in a direction transverse to line of travel, of sailing canoe. Subay min pabanogan boꞌ angagod. Saupama pelang maka banog, boꞌ bang aniyaꞌ baliyu mbal paꞌagod bang arikiꞌ busay. We must be in a sailing vessel to agod. For example in a canoe with a sail, if there is wind it cannot be paddled across wind if the paddle is small. Gram: AO-1 link: biluk.

agol   n. The extendable membrane of certain shellfish which covers parts of the external shell; especially of clams and cowries. Agol kima, ya palē inān, ya lapis kulitna. Aniyaꞌ isāb ma sirap. The mantle of the clam, the thing that crawls, the layer of its shell. Mussels have it also.

agon   adv. About to; almost. link: daiꞌ₁.

agon-agon   (See saˈagon-agon).

agpang   1 • n. A physical barrier to movement, as a raised edge on a table. Bang aniyaꞌ patꞌnnaꞌ ai-ai boꞌ ma bihingan lamisahan, boꞌ halam aniyaꞌ agpangna, ahūg bang bay tajogjog. If there are things placed on the side of the table, and it has no barrier, it will fall when shaken. cf.: lapad.

2 • v. AO-1. To place a barrier against something. Gram: AO-1

3 • v. AA pag-. To mark players in opposing teams. Buwat magbalatin, bang waluꞌ puhuꞌ mpat-mpat magagpang. Like when playing catching game, when there are eight people four are blocked by the other four. Bang magbasketbol na, agpangin pahāp kuntara ilu boꞌ mbal makaꞌagaw bola. When we play basket ball, guard the opponent very well so he cannot steal the ball. Gram: AA pag-

agpot₁   v. AO-2. To pressure someone to do something against their will. Daꞌa na agpotin, ingga na bayaꞌna ameyaꞌ. Don't urge him, it is his decision to go or not. Gram: AO-2

agpot₂   v. AO-2. To catch someone in the act of doing something wrong. Kaꞌagpotan, taꞌabut anangkaw. Caught in the act; come upon while stealing. cf.: kara-kara₁.

agsāy   conj. Indicates immediacy of sequence. Agsāy makasampig ni batu. Right away we struck a rock. link: magtūy.

agung   n. A brass gong, fifteen to twenty inches in diameter, with central boss; usually struck while suspended in vertical position. linkset: buwa₁, kulintangan.

aguwanta   1 • adj. zero. Having the upper hand; dominant. . Aguwanta pahāp ka, bang hal hīs mintꞌdda! You are certainly dominant, if only at a single victory. . Gram: zero

2 • v. AO-2. To control something physically, as by taking the weight of an object, taking the strain of something or controlling the actions of someone. . Mbal tōp hinangku bang nggaꞌi ka katōpan ma aku, sabab ya buhatna palabi min kosogku. Mbal kaꞌaguwantahanku. I will not do the job if it is not suitable for me, because it is more than my capacity to handle. I cannot bear the weight. Gram: AO-2 link: koleꞌ.

Ahad   n. Sunday. The subsequent days, in order, are Isnin, Salasa, Alba'a, Hammis, Juma'at, Sabtu'. Category: Day. linkset: Albaꞌa, Hammis, Isnin, Jumaꞌat, Sabtuꞌ, Salasa, pituꞌan.

ahat   1 • v. AO-1. To do something tentatively or in small amounts. . A: “Makaꞌabut ka bahāꞌ amatꞌnnaꞌ bubung ma diyataꞌ lumaꞌ ilu?” B: “Ahatku bang mbal akosog baliyu.” A: "Can you reach as far as putting the roof ridge on top of the house there?" B: "I can do a little if the wind isn't strong." Gram: AO-1 linkset: gagam, sulay₂, taraꞌ-taraꞌ; cf.: agap₂.

2 • v. AStat pa-. To have limited success, as a person recovering from illness or attempting something difficult. .

ahat-ahat   adj. -in-..-an. Taking a long time to die. .

ahaꞌan   n. A snapper. Category: Saltwater fish. fam Lutjanidae.

ahā   exclamation. Expression of discovery or realization.

ahāy   Variant: hahaay. exclamation. Indicates fatigue or frustration, the equivalent of a sigh.

ahil   n. Recent or final times; the present era. Awal ni ahil. From ancient times to the present.

ahil-jaman   n. Time from the present on. link: awal₁.

ahin   Note: Only with a suffix. v. AO-2. To transfer something to another container.

ahirat   Variant: haidat. n. The sphere of existence after death. Bang kita amatay, boꞌ kita pinoleꞌan na ni ahirat, tinilaw kita bang ai bay hinangta ma junna itū. When we die and have been returned to the afterworld, we will be asked what we did here on earth.

ahit   v. AO-2. To remove the soft vegetable matter from the inner face of tying and weaving material such as rattan or cane.

ahoꞌ   1 • adv. Yes.

2 • v. AO-2. To give assent to something. Gram: AO-2

3 • v. AStat aN-. To say yes. Hal angahoꞌ. Just says yes.

ahud-ahud   v. AState aN-. To be obscured, as by distance or haze, or by sediment in water. Angahud-ngahud, saliꞌ atā, buwat kita akꞌtta-kꞌtta min Tiyangi tudju ni Malusuꞌ, parikiꞌ-parikiꞌ pangꞌndaꞌta Būd Tumantangis. It is almost out of sight, as though far off, like when we travel from Jolo to Malusu, our ability to see Mount Tumantangis gets less and less. Ya ma tahik, bang saupama kita patuhun llaw itu, at'llak. Bang sangom angulan, ati kaut kita patuhun pabīng, angahud-ngahud deyom tahik. Hatina mbal at'llak, mbal angaut. Ma t'ngnga'. In the sea: if for example we dive today, it's clear. If it rains overnight and go out to sea and dive again, the sea is discolored. It's not clear and it's not turbid. In between. Gram: AStat. aN-

ahun   Note: Only with the suffix -an or -in. Variant: aun; haun. v. AOS-1. To remove food from stove; to serve up food from a cooking pot. . Ahunin bang atahak na. Serve the food when it is cooked already.

ai   1 • interrogative. What? linkset: angay, inay, magay, ingga₁, sai₁.

2 • v. AA pag-. To be in what relationship to each other. Magai kam? What kin are you to each other? Gram: AA pag-

ai bang ai   idiom. Whatever; this and that.

ai lagiꞌ   adv phrase. Especially; particularly. Ai lagiꞌ dorok gandum. Corn rice in particular. .

ai maka ai   n. Anything whatsoever; this or that. Halam gantaꞌ bay ai maka ai, taggahaꞌ hal palintuwad. Though nothing whatsoever may have happened, he suddenly just fell prostrate.

ai na ka    n. Whatever.

ai-ai   n. 1 • Whatever; anything. Halam gantaꞌ bay makani-ai-ai, taggahaꞌ makabuwattitu. Nothing happened to us, just happened unexpectedly this way.

2 • Possessions; wealth. Aheka ai-aina. He has many possessions.

aikalas₂   n. Foolhardy courage.

Aid ul Pitri   n. The day of the celebration of the end of Ramadan, thirty days after it begins. . Category: Special days. synonyms: Hailaya Puwasa.

ail   v. AO-2. To wash ceremonially in preparation for prayer. Bang magsambahayang subay magail dahū; kinoseꞌan na tangan sigā saga tapeꞌ sigā, talinga. When praying, people should wash first; they wash their hands, their feet, ears. Gram: AO-2

aimuka   Variant: aymuka. n. The face as indication of internal emotion. Asawa aymukana. He looks friendly (lit. his face is bright). .

aimulla   Variant: aymulla. n. The deceased, a euphemism to avoid naming the dead.

aisa   adv. of time. The evening prayer time, after 8:00 p.m. Category: Stages of day. link: subu₁.

ais-ais   v. AState aN-. To be close to boiling, as of a liquid being heated. Subay na angais-ngais boheꞌ boꞌ iyampa nihūg, binugbug. It should be close to boiling before we drop small portions in. Gram: AStat. aN-

alab-alab   v. AO-2. To have knowledge or full awareness of something. Halam bay kaꞌalab-alaban eꞌ mattoꞌa kami. Our parents were not aware at all. Category: Informed, aware. Gram: AO-2 link: taꞌu₂.

alak   n. Alcoholic drinks, especially wine or distilled drinks in contrast to beer or palm toddy. Alak itu apaꞌit, saliꞌ pꞌddu daing ssana. The alak referred to is bitter, its taste is like fish bile. cf.: tobaꞌ, bīl.

alal   1 • adj. a-. Drawn-out; protracted. Aꞌalal heꞌta atulak. We are taking a long time to leave. Gram: a- link: lanat.

2 • adj. -in-. Delayed; protracted, of someone's dying. Nialal ma kamatayna. He took a long time in dying. Gram: ni-

alam₁   n. The world system; the natural world. Ma alam dakayuꞌ itū. In this present world. cf.: langit, ayan.

alam₂   

alam pinoleꞌ   n. The afterworld. . Alam pinoleꞌ ya na ahirat. Alam diyataꞌ, magꞌntanan tanaꞌ. Saga magpamꞌssi, angꞌntanan daing. Ahirat, that's the afterworld. The lands above are (the sphere of) those who are involved with land. The fishermen, they are involved with fish. link: sulgaꞌ.

alamat₁   n. The respectful introduction to a letter. Alamat sulat itū deyoꞌ min kami magtaiꞌanak angan-angan tudju ni kaꞌam. Greetings, this letter is from myself and family intended for you.

alamat₂   1 • v. AStat aN-. To determine by divination the auspicious time for travel, work, various ceremonies. Angalamat kita boꞌ supaya kataꞌuhanta kahāpan maka kalaꞌatan. Bang ahāp sinōng, bang alaꞌat nibbahan. We use divination so we can know good times and bad times. If good then we proceed, if bad then we abandon (the plan). Category: Esoteric knowledge. Gram: AStat. aN- cf.: talus₂, ilmuꞌ; linkset: kamot, limal, pagꞌndaꞌ, putikaꞌ.

2 • v. AO-1. To divine someone's fate or fortune, as above. Gram: AO-1

alambre   n. Wire netting or barbed wire. Aniyaꞌ pilisu papꞌssut min kaꞌalambrehan. A prisoner has slipped through the barbed wire enclosure.

alang-alang   v. AStat pag-. To be hesitant about some course of action. Daꞌa ka magalang-alang. Bang bꞌllinu, dūlin na. Don't be hesitant. If you are going to buy, then pay what is being asked. Gram: AStat. pag-

alas   n. The one-spot in cards, dominoes or dice. sense collection: domeno.

alat-alat   v. AO-2. To decorate something by painting, as with geometric frieze patterns. Gram: AO-2

alā   exclamation. Indicates amazement, implying unexpected nature of event or information. Alā! Ilu na llaw akeyat, pasilak na. Hey! There is the sun shining and giving warmth. link: agkāꞌ.

Albaꞌa   n. Wednesday. link: Ahad.

alkohol   n. Alcohol. Subay nialkoholan kulaet boꞌ akeyat. Must put alcohol in the lantern to light it.

alim₁   1 • n. A person who can predict the future or find lost items, considered to be characteristic of religious teachers from overseas. . Aꞌa alim, saliꞌ kinataꞌuwan heꞌna kamemon, saliꞌ atalus ba. A seer, it’s as though he knows everything, like knowing the future. Category: Esoteric knowledge. link: ilmuꞌ.

2 • v. AStat pag-. To foresee the future; to answer deep questions. Bangsa magalim itū, minsan du mbal ataꞌu, kinataꞌuwan eꞌna kamemon. A seer, even though he doesn't know (by natural means), knows everything.

alim₂   v. AO-1. To take away someone's capacity for rational human thought; to turn someone into a demon, the action of the supernatural beings known as saitan. Nilaꞌanan pangannalta heꞌ saitan, ya na nialim. Sinaitan kita bang kita nialim. The demon removed our consciousness. That is alim. We get possessed by the demon. Halam na mmaꞌna ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ ilū, yuk suli-suli, bay konoꞌ nialim ma dilaut. That child has no father anymore, they say that his father was demonized at sea. Gram: AO-1

alimata   v. AO-2. To keep careful watch over someone. Mbal kaꞌalimatahanta ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ bang ataꞌu magdeyoꞌ-diyataꞌ. We can no longer keep a watch over children who know how to go up and down a ladder. Category: Watch. Gram: AO-2 Note: Almost always with a negative. link: jaga₁.

alimpunus   Variant: halimpunus. n. A whirlwind on land, a violent natural phenomenon characterized by strong winds and considered to be an evidence of demonic forces. Alimpunus itū min deyoꞌ, tabowa bagunbun pariyataꞌ. Hunus saliꞌ baliyu, boꞌ akosog du isāb. A whirlwind is from below, with dust being carried up. A squall is a wind thing, but it is strong too. Tauwaꞌ ka halimpunus! You'll be struck by a whirlwind (said as a curse)! linkset: botoꞌ-botoꞌ₃, buhawiꞌ₂, kawas-kawas.

alis-alis   v. AO-2. To make-up a bride or groom with an artificial hair line and black marks, using a paste of soot and oil. Pinagalis-alisan bayhuꞌ pangantin. The married couple's faces are decorated with soot. Gram: AO-2 link: ari-ari.

alistu   1 • adj. zero. Physically agile. Gram: a- link: kasay.

2 • v. AStat pa-. To move briskly or alertly. Paꞌalistu ka boꞌ kita mbal taramuli. Be quick so we aren't left behind. Gram: AStat. pa-

aliꞌan   v. AO-2 pag-. To speak obliquely (and critically) of a person who is within hearing. Pagpatay hꞌlla si Annura, nsaꞌ minsan atapus hinangna, magtūy maghꞌlla. Pinagaliꞌanan iya eꞌ kaseheꞌan. Yuk sigā, “Oy dꞌnda inān magtūy maghꞌlla.ꞌ” When Annura's husband died, when the funeral rites had not even finished, she immediately married. She was criticised by others, who said, "That woman got married right away." Gram: AO-2 pag- link: paꞌandig.

Allah   n. God, the supreme being. The Arabic name by which He is most usually designated in Sulu is Allahu Taala, God the Most High. synonyms: tuhan, Allahu Taꞌala.

Allahu Taꞌala   n. God, God Most High. synonyms: tuhan, Allah.

allā   exclamation. Indicates unfavorable reaction. Allā, mbal aku amꞌlli bang buwattilu. Oy, I won't buy if that's the case. . link: agkāꞌ.

allō   exclamation. Indicates surprise or concern. Pagpīꞌ ni boheꞌ īꞌ, “Allō,” yukna, “sahabbat.” Arriving at the water hole, "Aha," he says, "friend." Allō, mbal aku amꞌlli bang buwattilu. Huh, I won't buy in that case. .

allō dayang   excl. Indicates surprise or concern.

almas   n. A weapon. The term includes bladed weapons and firearms from pistols to artillery. Almas itu sinapang, panimbak. Bang kalis, barung itū, pakokos. An almas is a rifle, something for shooting. A kris or a cutlass is a hand weapon. Almas isāb kalis, budjak, basta pangatu. A kris is also an almas, a spear also, if it's used for defense. link: pangatu.

Almasi   n. The Messiah, Christ.

Almasihin   n. A Christian. synonyms: kristyan.

almidul   Variant: amidul. 1 • n. Starch. cf.: kanjiꞌ, sakkul.

2 • v. AO-1. To starch clothing. Bang bay angamirul, nā nillawan sꞌmmek ēꞌ. After starching, the clothes are put out in the sun. Gram: AO-1

alod₁   adj. a-. Unwilling to cooperate or reach agreement. Gram: a- link: tuwas.

alod₂   1 • v. AStat pa-. To be wedged into a small space, as the bow of a canoe between posts. Gram: AStat. pa-

2 • v. AO-1. To wedge something into a small space. Gram: AO-1

3 • v. AO-2. To remove something by levering it out. Aniyaꞌ pꞌttung taga bengkok, subay nialoran ma hāg boꞌ atilud. A length of bamboo with a bend in it, it should be levered against a post in order to be straight. Yuk ondeꞌ, “Angaloran aku tapeꞌku ma lantay.” The child said, "I've wedged my foot between the floor slats." Gram: AO-2

alom   1 • n. Blood showing under skin. linkset: lahod, landung₂; cf.: butig.

2 • v. AState aN-. To show an accumulation of blood under the skin; to blush. Gram: AStat. aN-

alop₁   adj. -in-. Feeling tight and inelastic due to exposure to heat, of the skin of one's face. . Nialop bayhuꞌta. Aniyaꞌ alop llaw, aniyaꞌ alop api. Amigtal kuwitta. Our faces feel tight. There is tightness from the sun, and a tightness from the fire. Our skin pulls tight. Gram: ni- cf.: anggop₁.

alop₂   v. AO-1. To face something. Magalop kita. We are sitting facing. Angalop aku kaꞌa. I come into your presence. Gram: AO-1 linkset: bayhuꞌ, atubang, harap₁.

alopan₁   n. The presence of someone; the area in front. link: dahuwan.

alopan₂   n. The genital area. linkset: harapan₂, kamamaꞌu, mundaꞌan₁.

alō   exclamation. Indicates amazement, implying unexpected nature of event or information. Alō, ilu na llaw akeyat, pasilak na. Hey, there is the sun shining and giving warmth.

alperel   Variant: alpidil. n. A safety pin, brooch fastener. cf.: kait.

alpiril   n. A safety pin.

altaꞌ   n. Wealth. Pangaltaꞌ itū nggaꞌi ka hal daginis, hal sīn, hal sꞌmmek, nggaꞌi ka hal pamulawan. Ya babarapa ahalgaꞌ ma deyom lumaꞌ. Ya karayata. This wealth is not only one kind, just money, or clothing, not just jewelry. The various valuable things in the house. Our riches. . Taꞌabut pinahꞌndaꞌan, yuk mattoꞌa lꞌlla ya kinawin inãn, “Kimmatin aku altaꞌta. Kalu makaꞌabut dakayuꞌ dꞌnda.” When the betrothal {stage}arrives, the elder of the man being married, says, "Estimate for me our resources. Maybe it will suffice for one woman." linkset: kaniyaꞌ, karaya, sauragal.

altaꞌ kalun   n. Wealth from natural resources.

alti   1 • adj. a-. Carry oneself elegantly, gracefully, of a woman. Mbal manjari niōnan “lingkatan pahāp lꞌlla inān” atawa “altihan lꞌlla.” Subay “ahāp lꞌlla.” It is not correct to say, "That man is beautiful" or "that man is elegant." It should be "a fine man." Gram: a- link: dorog₁.

2 • v. AStat. pag-. To act in a way that indicates one thinks well of oneself. Gram: AStat. pag-

aluk   v. AO-1. To console a child who has been upset. Bang kita angaluk, pinaruruꞌ atawa pinagbinuwahan. When we console (a child), we breast feed it or sing a lullaby to it. Gram: AO-1 linkset: apuꞌ-apuꞌ, binuwa, dindang-dindang, sayudjaꞌ.

alud   1 • v. AStat aN-. To cry aloud in response to some strong feeling or emotion such as pain, annoyance or high spirits. Bang iya ala'an min luma', ma deyom hē', aniya' hama'-hama' a'a. Bang sangom, makakale ka magalud. "Pareyom ka pi'itu." When he is leaving the house, there is a hama'-hama' spirit. At night you hear it shouting out, "Come here inside." Gram: AStat. aN-pag- link: olang.

2 • v. AO-2. To express grief over someone's death by loud weeping. Bang amatay bapaꞌku kaꞌaluran. When my uncle dies he will be wept loudly over. Gram: AO-2

alul   n. A raft.

alum   n. A verbenaceous plant used medicinally. Category: Trunkless plants. Melanolepis multiglandulosa.

alun panjang   n. An extraordinary sea, as a tsunami or tidal wave. cf.: panjang; link: goyak.

alung₁   1 • v. ASite pa-. To go near the heat of a fire. Daꞌa ka paꞌalung ni lapohan boꞌ ka daꞌa atunuꞌ. Don't get close to the firebox so that you avoid being burnt. Gram: ASite pa- linkset: anok, tigang.

2 • v. AO-1. To place something over the heat in order to cook. Gram: AO-1

alung₂   v. AO-1. To expect a handout of food at mealtimes when one has no rights to such an expectation. Bang waktu pagkakan angalung na paꞌin. Minsan halam bay sinagina, pasekot na paꞌin. He always turns up at mealtime. Even though not invited, he keeps coming close. Gram: AO-1 cf.: aroꞌ-aroꞌ, dongaꞌ.

aluꞌ₁   v. AO-1. To threaten to strike someone. Bang saupama aniyaꞌ ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ nialuꞌ eꞌ kaseheꞌanna boꞌ mbal isāb taluwaꞌ. If for example there is a child threatened by his playmates, but it is not carried through with. Gram: AO-1 link: kital-kital.

aluꞌ₂   n. Dew. Min gabun araiꞌ aluꞌ, bang nggaꞌi ka min langit. Ya kataꞌauanku min diyataꞌ. Dew probably comes from clouds, if not from the sky. What I know is that it is from above.

amamali   Variant: mamali. n. A small tree, thorny, used medicinally. Category: Shore tree. Aralia species.

amamali dꞌnda   n. A small tree similar to amamali but without its thorns.

amanat   n. The awareness of information; by extension the information itself. Taga amanat kita. We realize something is happening. Pasampayun amanat itu ni kakampunganku ma Sabah. Relay this information to my relatives in Sabah. link: lapal.

amasagiꞌ   v. AStat aN-. To be rectangular in shape or section.

amatay bulan   n. The closing days of the lunar month (lit. the moon is dead). Category:  Moon days. link: bulan₁.

amay-amay   1 • v. AO-2. To tell someone to do something diligently. Kaꞌa ilū, sinohoꞌ ka pehēꞌ. Bay ka niamay-amayan heꞌ si Mām. You yourself were instructed to go there. Mam told you to be very careful about it. . Gram: AO-2 linkset: ebot-ebot, hubaya-hubaya, hupit-hupit.

2 • v. AStat zero. To be sure, to give diligence (used in the imperative). Gram: AStat/zero

amā   v. AO-2 pag-. To cry for something which has been refused. Agamā aku. Bilahi aku binꞌllian ai-ai taꞌndaꞌku. I whine. Whatever I see, I want bought for me. Category: Weep. Gram: AO-2 pag-

ambak   n. A frog. Category: Amphibian.

ambak-ambak   n. An accordion.

ambahan   v. AO-2 pag-. To deceive someone by promising more than is intended. Bang ahꞌlling aꞌa buwattinaꞌan, boꞌ kita ahꞌlling palabi min bay llingna, ya na heꞌ niōnan magambahan. If a person says something, then we added more to what he said, that is deception. Hal aku pinagambahanan. Bang saliꞌ bay yukna, “Bꞌllianta ka,” boꞌ atꞌkka ni lumaꞌ halam ai-ai tabowana, pinagambahanan kami. I was just deceived. Like when someone said, "I will buy for you," but when he arrived home he didn't bring anything. We were deceived. Gram: AO-2 pag- linkset: balidja, limbung, hegom-hegom, buliꞌ-akkal.

ambal   n. Ambergris. Ya niõnan ambal itu taiꞌ, sagwāꞌ alahang tapuwaꞌ, alahang taꞌndaꞌ. What we called ambal is excretion, but it is rarely found, rarely seen. Bang aniyaꞌ tabākta ambal buwat heya paꞌata, siguru kita duwa lawang tinda. If we find some ambergris the size of our thigh, we'll surely be (worth as much as) a two-door shop. synonyms: taiꞌ-ambal.

ambat   1 • adj. a-. Quick in performing work involving a sequence of phases. Bang ka magsulat asidda ka aꞌambat. When you write you are very quick. Gram: a-

2 • v. AO-1. To do or use all that is available, as to eat all of something or to complete a series of tasks. Gram: AO-1 cf.: lakap, anggap.

3 • adv. Without interruption. Paꞌambat kaheꞌnu amangan. Do your eating without stopping.

ambat-ambat   v. AO-1. To do something continuously or incessantly. Magambat-ambat amusay. Amusay daran-daran. Paddling without a break. Always paddling. Gram: AO-1 linkset: abut-abut, daran-daran, koro-koro, kuwat-kuwat, sunuꞌ-sunuꞌ, toro-toro, kara-kara₂, langkit, sungbul, sigi-sigi.

ambaw   n. A rat; a mouse. Category: Small animals. synonyms: babaw₂.

ambil-hati   v. AState aN-. To assume from a partly heard conversation that one is being discussed. Buwat magistori kita. Nā, bang aniyaꞌ akale ma kita angambil-hati, yuk-i, “Patampalun pagsuli-sulibi ilu.” Kabāꞌna iya inān sinuli-suli, boꞌ nggaꞌi ka. Like we are chatting (swapping stories), and someone listening to us gets the wrong idea. He says, "Be open with your talk." He thinks mistakenly that he is being discussed, but it isn't so. Atagi sidda angambil-hati minsan bissara hām kapusanna. She is addicted to making wrong assumptions even when it's talk with no special purpose. Gram: AStat. aN-

ambit₁   v. AO-1. To catch fish by driving them into shallower water. Bang kita angambit subay bowata batu maka lubid. Pinatuntun batu pareyoꞌ, nihagul. Minsan kꞌllat pinabale-bale. Aniyaꞌ anipara, ati nihellaꞌ kaleya. When we drive fish we need to take stones and cord. The stones are lowered and jigged up and down. Or even ropes with stakes attached. There are people who are using goggles and the catch is hauled shorewards. Category: Trapping. Gram: AO-1

ambit₂   1 • v. AO-1. To lead someone by the hand. Gram: AO-1 cf.: tondaꞌ₁.

2 • v. AA pag-. To hold hands. Saga pangantin bang bay kinawin magambit isāb. Bridal couples after being married also hold hands. Gram: AA pag-

amboway   n. A leguminous tree. Category: Shore tree. Pongamia pinnata..

ambuhut   v. AO-2. To scrape pandanus strands in preparation for weaving. Gram: AO-2 link: hait.

ambul-dāꞌ   v. AState aN-. To have a sense of hurt, as through being left out. Daꞌa ka angambul-dāꞌ. Don't feel rejected. Gram: AStat. aN- cf.: maꞌadjul₁; synonyms: dāꞌ-dāꞌ.

ambung   n. 1 • A circular basket of closely woven bamboo or rattan with a carrying band that passes over forehead and permits basket to rest on the back, used for carrying produce such as cassava from field to shore. Category: Baskets.

2 • A small basket of closely woven new coconut leaves, as used by children for gathering fallen fruits or strand sea foods. Ambung nihinang min lokay masi patudjak, halam giꞌ abadbad, ya binowa eꞌ onde-ondeꞌ analun, atawa anꞌbba. Ambung-type baskets are made from fresh coconut fronds still standing erect, not uncurling, which children take to get forest food or to gather sea food from the shallows.

ambung-ambung₁   1 • n. A leaf awning of high quality.

2 • v. AO-1. To make an awning with a weaving technique, in contrast to the quicker stitching method. Nipa leaflets are the raw material. Duwa kadjang niambung-ambung. Hatina kadjang poteꞌ daun tigul. Two woven awnings, i.e. white awning of nipa leaflets. .

ambung-ambung₂   n. A woven rattan container in which a betel nut box is carried on a belt.

ambūng   n. Prepared sago. Category: Food from roots. link: sani.

ambūs   v. AO-1. To capture someone by surrounding; to ambush. Gram: AO-1

amin   1 • intj. Amen; closing word of a prayer.

2 • v. AO-2. To bless something by praying and saying amen over it. . Lima mamaꞌan ēꞌ niaminan ma pagduwaꞌahan. Jukup kapanyapanna. Those five betel nut boxes were affirmed by amens at the prayer ceremony. Complete in all its contents. Gram: AO-1

amirul   1 • n. A starch used in stiffening cloth after washing.

2 • v. AO-1. To starch clothing. Gram: AO-1

ammal₁   v. AStat. pag-. To carry out faithfully the precepts of Islam, in particular the observation of the fast. Bang saliꞌ bulan puwasa, na angammal kita. Mbal kita amangan. Subay taꞌabut pasꞌddopan llaw atawa daiꞌ llaw lisag lima. Halam saliꞌ aniyaꞌ hinangta. When it is the month of fasting, we must do our duty. We will not eat. Only after the setting of the sun or at dawn around five. We don't do any work either. Gram: AStat. pag- linkset: bogbog₁, ibarat₂, isbat, taꞌat₂, agama₁, maꞌaripat; cf.: lima-waktu, sanittiya.

ammal₂   v. AO-2. To care for someone; to hold in high esteem; to cherish. Niammalan kita heꞌ Tuhan, saliꞌ nijagahan. We are cared for by God, sort of watched over. Gram: AO-2

ammal-ibarat   1 • n. The practise of one's religious duties as a Muslim, especially by observing the five tenets of Islam. Taga-ammal-ibarat koꞌ kaꞌa ilu. Daꞌa ka magputing ma kaseheꞌan. You have a religious commitment. Don't lie to others.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To observe faithfully the five tenets of Islam.

amot-amot   1 • v. AO-1. To do something in a brief time. Gram: AO-1 link: daiꞌ-daiꞌ.

2 • v. AStat pa-. To be quick about doing something. Paꞌamot-amot ka maghinang ilū boꞌ kita makalꞌngngan. Work fast so we can go walking. Gram: AStat. pa-

ampa₁   conj. Indicating sequence; and then. Maglampasuꞌ maka abu ampa alanuꞌ. Polish the floor with ash and then it will be clean. cf.: ati.

ampa₂   1 • v. AO-2. To try and shift blame onto another. linkset: pelleng, bīng₃, bintu, hili, patimpa.

2 • v. AA pag-. To argue over whose responsibility some action is. Angay kam magampa-ampahan? Why are you two arguing as to who should do it?

ampan   n. Various large winged insects such as grasshopper, locust of dragonfly. Category:  Insects . cf.: bilalang, tompang.

ampan dulu   n. A swarming locust; a large grasshopper. Category:  Insects . synonyms: dulu₂, tompang.

ampang   n. The drying racks over the stern of a canoe. Ayas-ayas man kīran, ampang-ampang man diyataꞌ pansal. The ayas drying racks are on the side, the ampang racks are over the stern. cf.: ayas-ayas.

ampas   1 • n. A fish trap formed by long woven fences set in shallow water. Ampas itu taga-logo. Bang kami angambit subay hal paldu. The fence trap has a small trap at the end. When we drive fish we only use a cage for keeping fish alive. . Category: Trapping. cf.: bungsud.

2 • v. AO-1. To catch fish using a fence trap. Gram: AO-1

ampaw   n. A cake of popped rice, covered with a dark sugar glaze. Category: Cakes. link: gagatiꞌ.

ampe   1 • n. A protective layer or lining.

2 • v. AO-2. To place a protective layer around something or between layers of things, as when packing fish or other foodstuffs in a container. Bang saliꞌ buwat bay jā-i, bay bowa kami niampehan maka katas koꞌ mbal angꞌssa mital. Like the rice cakes we took, protected with a layer (of paper) so they wouldn't have a metallic taste. Gram: AO-2

ampiꞌ   Variant: hampiʔ. 1 • n. A sarong worn around the waist in the style appropriate to men. Maghinampiꞌ aku bang sangom. I wear a sangom, man-style, at night.

2 • v. AState a-. To wear a sarong as men do, the top rolled outward around the waist. Bang halam na aniyaꞌ pantalunku bai nirakdakan kamemon, na aꞌampiꞌ na aku. When I have no trousers, all of them having been laundered, then I wear a sarong, man-style. Category: Daily life, Men's clothing. The top of the tube is pulled comfortably tight from each side and the extra cloth is folded to the right and left, then rolled outwards to secure. . link: hōs.

3 • v. AStat pag-in-. To wear a sarong as men do. Maghinampiꞌ aku bang sangom.

ampīs   v. AStat pa-. To be standing around with no apparent purpose. Aheka aꞌa paꞌampīs. There are a lot of people standing around. Gram: AStat pa-

ampogod   1 • n. Facial pimples. Ampogod itu ahunit katambalan. Minsan alaꞌan pabīng du. These pimples are hard to treat. When they go away they return. cf.: samuwaꞌ.

2 • adj. -in-. Afflicted with pimples. Niampogod bayhuꞌna. His face is pimply. Category: Skin disease. Gram: ni-

ampud   

ampun₁   v. AO-1. To forgive someone. Bang saupama kita bay magbonoꞌ boꞌ magkahāp na, ya hēꞌ niōnan magampun. If for example we were fighting and then reconciled, that is called forgiving. Ampunun paꞌin aku bang aku bay makarusa. Forgive me if I have committed an offense. . Gram: AO-1 linkset: maꞌap, tawbat, deyoꞌ₂, ūꞌū.

ampun₂   voc n. A respectful address to a person of high rank. cf.: appaꞌ.

ampun-ampun   v. AOS-1. To request healing intervention from a ritual ancestor. Bang bīlli saging boꞌ atahak, niꞌisi ni laiꞌ binowa ni mboꞌ niampun-ampunan. When bananas, ripe ones, have been purchased, they are put on a plate and taken to the ancestor who is being asked for help. . Category:  Invoke. Gram: AOS-2

ampuꞌ   n. A set of clothes; the clothes worn at one time.

ampꞌllus   n. Muscle sheath; white tissue attaching to organs such as the liver. . Ampꞌllus itū patapil sadja ni atayta, pabutig. This muscle tissue connects with our liver, and may become swollen. . Category: Vein, sinew.

amu₁   adj. a-. Accurate; right; appropriate; up to standard. Bng aku amuwanan kaꞌa subay aꞌamu, subay apatut. When I give you something it should be appropriate, should be fitting. cf.: tumlang; linkset: patut, tōp, tural, hangbos₁.

amu₂   adj. ka-..-an. Convinced; satisfied with; in agreement. Kaꞌamuhan kita, bang saupama sinuli-sulian kita; na yukta, “Kaꞌamuhan aku heꞌ suli-sulinu ilu.” Magtūy saliꞌ kita kamattanan. We are satisfied when, for example, someone is talking to us and we say, "I am pleased with your speech." We are immediately convinced. cf.: sulut; linkset: tuksuꞌ, kompolme, beyaꞌ₄, bilīb.

amu-amu   v. AStat. pag-. To act so that others are attracted by the display of one's charms. Gram: AStat. pag-

amulaun   Variant: hamulaun. n. Ironwood or molave. Category: Shore tree.

amulawan   Variant: amulaun; hamulawan. n. Ironwood or molave, a hardwood much used for house posts because of its resistance to the effects of prolonged immersion in seawater. Ahāp amulawan nihinang busay, atatas ma tahik. Ironwood is good for making paddles, it lasts in the seawater. Category: Shore tree. Vitex parviflora. cf.: agdaw.

amuꞌ₁   v. AO-1. To obtain something by requesting; to request something. Paꞌamuꞌin ai-ai anaknu ni kami. Let your children ask anything from us. Angamuꞌan iya sokal inaꞌna. She is asking sugar for her mother. Gram: AO-1

amuꞌ₂   n. A species of monkey. cf.: kuyyaꞌ, uwang.

amuꞌ sapaꞌat   1 • v. ASite pa-. To invoke a blessing. . Angamuꞌ kita sapaꞌat ni Tuhan, saliꞌ kita angamuꞌ kaꞌllum. We ask a favor from God, as when we ask for life.

2 • v. AOS-1. To invoke a blessing on someone's behalf.

amuꞌ taral   n. A person with ugly features.

amuꞌ-amuꞌ   1 • v. AStat aN-. To ask God for help; to petition. link: sambahayang.

2 • v. AOS-1. To benefit a person by requesting help from a supernatural being on his behalf. Category:  Invoke. Gram: AOS-1

anak₁   1 • n. The offspring of any animate creature; the unhatched young of birds.

2 • v. AO-2. To give birth to. Bang bay angiram si Mām abꞌttong, sōng anganak. When Mam has conceived she becomes pregnant, will soon give birth. Gram: AO-2 linkset: ondeꞌ, tubuꞌ.

anak₂   n. A segment or partition of a whole, in a number of phrases entered separately. .

anak₃   1 • n. The interest or return on an investment. cf.: untung₁, litu.

2 • v. AO-2. To replicate or multiply, as to produce interest on a loan or to spread, of an infection. . Anandaꞌ aku sangpūꞌ pilak ni si Ompoꞌ. Na anganak dakayuꞌ pilak. I pawn something at Ompo's for ten pesos. Then the charge on the loan is one peso. Gram: AO-2 cf.: tumbul.

anak kaꞌbbahan   n. A child left as an orphan.

anak kusaꞌ   n. Wretched child, a cursing term.

anak paindam   n. A newborn infant who lives only briefly.

anak-anak₁   v. AState aN-. To become irritated or offended. Daꞌa ka atumpalak, daꞌa ka anganak-nganak. Don't be offended, don't be irritated. Gram: AStat. aN-

anak-anak₂   n. Children in a general sense, in contrast to the offspring. synonyms: makannak, ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ.

anak-bagid   n. A match for lighting.

anak-bāt   n. The pearl fish. Category: Saltwater fish.

anak-binowa   n. A child from a previous marriage.

anak-bobohan   n. The anemonefish or clownfish. Category: Saltwater fish. fam Pomacentridae.

anak-bulsa   n. The internal compartment of a purse.

anak-kasi   n. An illegitimate child (lit. a love child). synonyms: halam-biyaraꞌ.

anak-kunsiꞌ   n. A key for opening a lock or door.

anak-iluꞌ   n. A child orphaned by the death of one parent or both.

anak-mamaꞌan   n. A small container within a betel-nut box for individual ingredients. synonyms: lokaꞌ-lokaꞌ.

anak-mpu   n. Children and grandchildren of ego. This term is also used figuratively to denote all the young people in one's care.

anak-mulid   n. The students of a religious teacher.

anak-mussaꞌ   n. A favorite child; term of affection for all one's children.

anak-sahiliꞌ   n. A child under God's wrath, an epithet or curse expressing anger.

anak-sulay   v. AStat pag-. To give birth with the fetus in the breech position. .

anak-tangan   n. The fingers. For the names of the digits see bokol (thumb), tudlu' (forefinger), lasu' (middle finger), daimanis (ring finger), kengkeng (little finger). Category: Finger, toe. cf.: anak-tapeꞌ; link: tangan.

anak-tapeꞌ   n. Toes. Category: Finger, toe. cf.: anak-tangan.

anak-tikam   n. The numbered markers used on a tikam board.

anak-ubus   n. The designation for someone who has been healed, marking a special relation between the sick person and the one responsible for healing. Bang aniyaꞌ saliꞌ asaki, aina ka ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ, aina ka mattoꞌa, boꞌ binowa ni aꞌa taga jīn, ati boꞌ kauliꞌan, niōnan na anak-ubus. If someone for example is ill, whether child or adult, and is taken to someone with a healing djinn, and is healed, that person is called anak-ubus.

anad   v. AO-1. To learn something. Anganaran aku dī-ku, ma kaseheꞌanku anadku. I learn by myself, I learn from others. Ahunit ilū nianad. That's hard to learn. Gram: AO-1 cf.: taꞌu₂; link: adjiꞌ.

anambahi   adv. phrase. Even more so; to a greater degree (with genitive -na). Ageret badjuꞌku. Bowaku magbola, na paheya geseꞌna, anambahina paluha geseꞌna. My shirt is torn. I wear it to play ball, and the tear gets bigger, its tear widens even more. link: kalap.

anamū   v. AStat zero. To have fibrous projections, as on prepared bamboo, cloth, newly-woven mats. Niluhu manamū inān. Those projecting fibres are singed off. Gram: AStat/zero

anay   n. A termite; a white ant. Category:  Insects . linkset: bokeꞌ, bukbuk, lutus.

anā   exclamation. Indicates mild surprise. Anā, magpiha na ma dilaut, ma busayna. See, he is searching out at sea for his paddle. link: agkāꞌ.

andadol   

andag   v. AO-1. To ask the price of something as part of the bargaining process. Gram: AO-1 linkset: ladjaw, pabꞌlli, paragang; cf.: halgaꞌ.

andal   v. AO-1. To increase the speed of a machine. Kaꞌandalan malkina itū, mbal du abustak. This machine can be speeded up, it won't fall apart. . Gram: AO-1 Note: Spa andar

andalahoꞌ   n. A rainbow. synonyms: bāngaw; cf.: bidadali, salinduguꞌ.

andalan   n. The ringworm bush, a leguminous shrub used medicinally. Andalan itu tapanambal pohak. Andalan can be used to treat ringworm. Category: Shore tree. Cassia alata.. synonyms: haluꞌ-haluꞌ₂.

andarol   Variant: andadol. n. A device for helping small children learn to walk, consisting of a circular rattan frame on wheels.

anday-anday   v. AO-2 pag-. To mock at someone's misfortune. Gram: AO-2 pag- link: tunggīng.

andig   (See paˈandig).

andol   v. ASite aN-. To rely on or trust someone. Pangandolan si Nulmira eꞌ si Mām sabab ahāp hinangna. Nulmira is trusted by Mum because her work is good. Gram: ASite aN- linkset: kamdos₁, sandig, sangdol, pagtawakkal.

andom   1 • n. A dark cloud; raincloud. Category: Cloud. link: gabun.

2 • v. AState aN-. To cloud over. Asidda pagandom-andom lahat itu, saliꞌ bay andom boꞌ halam isāb. This place is often gloomy, it's as if there were clouds though there were none. Gram: AStat. aN-

anduk   v. AStat aN-. To nod the head as a sign of assent.

anduhat   n. A fusilier fish.

anduꞌ-anduꞌ   v. AO-2. 1 • To feel sympathy for someone; to feel sorry for oneself (usually with atay as Subject). Buwat kita pinakaiyaꞌ ma kahekaꞌan aꞌa. Pinahꞌllingan kita boꞌ pahꞌlling mbal ahāp. Na anganduꞌ-anduꞌ deyom atayta, minsan halam aniyaꞌ boheꞌ mata. L:ike when we are shamed in front of a crowd. We get scolded and the words are not good. bad. Then we feel sorry for ourselves, even though there are no tears. Gram: AO-2 cf.: ndūꞌ, aseꞌ.

2 • To feel sorry for oneself, usually with atay as Subject.

ani   v. AO-1. To harvest grain, especially rice. Category: Harvest. Gram: AO-1 comp.: kꞌttuꞌ.

anib   adj. a-. Dangerous due to the menace of other people. Saliꞌ aheka mundu. Aꞌanib lahat, aheka panangkaw. It is as if there are many bandits. The place is dangerous, there are many thieves. Gram: a- cf.: piligdu.

anibung   n. A species of palm, the wood of which provides building material, especially quality laths for flooring. Category: Palms, banana. Oncosperma species.

animu   v. AO-2. To cajole or entice someone into doing something, with connotation of falsity. Ebot-ebot daꞌa ka ameyaꞌ nianimuhan eꞌ aꞌa ilū, hal koꞌ kā ilu niakkalan. Be careful not to be enticed by that person, he will just deceive you. Gram: AO-2 link: bidjak.

aniyaꞌ   v. AStat zero. (See niyaˈ). Nsaꞌ aniyaꞌ bayan kami. We have no conveyance. Gram: zero cf.: itiyaꞌ, mbal.

anjibi   1 • n. A dye.

2 • v. AO-1. To dye something a certain color. Nianjibi bilu. Dyed blue. Gram: AO-1

anok   1 • adj. a-. Becoming dry through remaining over low heat.

2 • v. AStat pa-. To sit over low heat to complete cooking, especially of rice. Pinaꞌanok-anok lagiꞌ. Let it sit over the heat a bit longer yet. Gram: AStat. pa- link: alung₁.

anom   Variant: añam. v. AO-1. To weave strands; to weave something, as a mat, a fishtrap, or a net. Paganomku pꞌttung itū makahinang aku duwa bubu. When I have woven this bamboo I will be able to make two fish traps. Asidda panganganom tepo dꞌnda inaꞌan. That woman is very committed to weaving mats. Gram: AO-1 cf.: tepo, boras; linkset: huwit-huwit, tꞌnnun.

ansak   n. A round-based container of coarsely-woven green coconut leaves, joined at the top so as to form a handle, with two openings, as used for transporting fruits such as lansones, mangoes. Category: Baskets. cf.: tambusaꞌ.

ansel   1 • n. An answer (school usage).

2 • v. AO-2. To answer a question given in class. Bang kita nilinganan ni mastal boꞌ kita mbal makaꞌansel, nā, kaiyaꞌ-iyaꞌan kita. When we are called by the teacher and we can't answer, now, we are shamed. Gram: AO-2

ansom   v. AO-2. To threaten someone with physical harm. Niansoman, luwal sōng sinuntuk, pinakitāw sala. Threatened, only when about to be punched, made afraid. .

ansong   v. AStat aN-. To daydream. link: uppi.

ansuwang   n. A malevolent supernatural being of gigantic proportions, feared for its habit of killing men by tearing them apart by the legs, and of abducting women to abuse them sexually. They are reputed, however, to be afraid of fire. . Category: Supernatural being.

antag   n. Location. synonyms: tongod₁.

antil   1 • n. An ear infection. Category: Disease. cf.: tolek.

2 • adj. -in-. To be infected, of the ear. Niantil aku, nilaꞌanan tolekku heꞌ inaꞌku. I have an ear infection, my mother removes the discharge.

antin   (See pangantin).

anting-anting₁   n. Long pendant earrings. Mbal giꞌ kaꞌanting-antingan si Linda, halam bay nilowangan talingana. Linda cannot be fitted with earrings yet, her ears haven't been pierced. Category: Jewelry. linkset: aretes, domelo, pinting, subang, bāng₂.

anting-anting₂   n. The magical abilities in the use of charms and spells to guard against harm or influence other people, believed to be obtained from ritual ancestors. . Category: Amulet.

antung   Variant: atuŋ. v. AStat pa-. To remain motionless in the one location at sea. Saddī palaran. Bang paꞌantung mbal maghibal. Mbal tabowa ma sꞌllog. Drifting is different. With antung there is no movement. Not carried by the current. Buwat sikuhan paꞌatung mainaꞌan. Like sikuhan fish, staying in the same place. Gram: AStat. pa-

antuwilas   v. AO-2. To decorate something with filigree buttons. . Niantuwilasan pamakayna, ya badjuꞌna batawiꞌ. His clothes are decorated with buttons, specifically his batawi shirt. . Gram: AO-2

antuꞌang   n. A clam species. . Category: Shellfish. Tridachna species.

anu   Variant: manu. Pro-form. 1 • Anything for which the proper word is unkown or cannot readily be remembered. This can be a noun, a place, a personal name, an action or a state. Anuhun konoꞌ ma aku. Do whatsit to it for me. Pansul ya panganuhan boheꞌ inān. A pipe is that thingummy for water. . Bay taꞌndaꞌ kami si Anu amowa busay. We saw so-and-so carrying a paddle.

2 • A euphemism for bodily parts or functions which good manners probihit mentioning in mixed company. . Aroy tuwan, apꞌddiꞌ anuku. Ouch, friend, my member is painful.

anughalaꞌ   n. A favor, especially from a supernatural source; a blessing. Kalu aniyaꞌ anughalaꞌ min Tuhan. Perhaps there will be a blessing from God. link: lidjikiꞌ.

anupin   n. A variety of snapper. Category: Saltwater fish. Lutjanus spp.. link: kutambak.

anyak-anyak   v. AO-2. To specify or enumerate various items, e.g. as for bride price or for apportioning shares. Maganyak-anyak dahatus panyām, limampūꞌ tamu, dahatus okoꞌ-okoꞌ, tꞌllu bungkal tabakuꞌ maka lima koleng naylon jukup maka pꞌssina maka kowatna. Duwa kadjang niambung-ambung. One hundred rice cakes were specified, fifty containers of boiled rice, one hundred cooked sea urchins, three balls of tobacco and five coils of nylon complete with fish hooks and traces. Two fine leaf awnings. Gram: AO-2 link: sokat₁.

anyam   v. AO-1. To weave.

anyil   1 • n. The blueing added to washing water.

2 • v. AO-2. To add blueing to laundry water. Gram: AO-2

angan   n. The place where shallow and deep water meet; the upper edge of a reef.

angan-angan   v. AO-1. To do something with intention. (Usually with a negative.) Alamat sulat itu deyoꞌ min kami magtaiꞌanak angan-angan tudju ni kaꞌam. This letter comes from all our family intended to go to all of you. Gram: AO-1

angas   n. A twig or secondary branch. link: batang₂.

angay   interrogative. Why; what intention; implies rebuke. Angay ka piꞌitu waktu sangom? Why do you come here at night time? link: ai.

angkan   Variant: haŋkan. conj. That is why; the reason for. Angay ka angkan alēt? Bay aku amangan. What is the reason for your being late? I was eating. Budjang na iya, hangkan nilahaꞌ na. She is a teenager now, that's why she is menstruating. link: sabab₁.

angkap   1 • n. A storey or level; a second storey. Subay aniyaꞌ lumaꞌ boꞌ aniyaꞌ angkap. Yuk dangan, “Taga-angkap isāb kappal.” It must be a house to have a storey. Another says, "Ships also have a second level."

2 • adj. -in-. Having more than one storey. Gram: ni-

angkas₁   1 • n. Sharp or rough pieces or fibres in food. Aniyaꞌ angkas tī. Subay neskape boꞌ nsaꞌ angkasna. There are fibres in tea. It must be Nescafe to have no fibres. linkset: akal, hali₁, lubas₁, pꞌttiꞌ, sapal, taiꞌ-lahing.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To produce fibrous residue. . Ahāp tī itu,̄ mbal anangkas. This is good tea, it doesn't produce fibrous residue.

angkas₂   v. ASite pa-. To ride behind someone. Atagi si Johnson paꞌangkas ma motol. Johnson loves to ride behind on the motor cycle. Gram: ASite pa-

angkat₁   1 • v. AO-1. To raise something up. Tinangon maka katig min deyoꞌ abōꞌ niangkat min kulit tahik. Support it from below with an outrigger to raise it up above the sea. Gram: AO-1 linkset: buhat₂, tangon.

2 • v. ASite pa-. To rise up. . Gram: ASite pa- linkset: bayaw, bengket.

angkat₂   v. AO-1. To disinter someone's remains for reburial elsewhere.

angkud   Variant: angpud. 1 • adj. a-. Ignited. Gansuwang hēꞌ ya kakanna gꞌllom. Aꞌangkud konoꞌ bang katꞌppi-tꞌppiꞌ keyat. What that demon eats is caulking fibre. They say it ignites when the fire gets close. . Gram: a- link: dallet.

2 • v. AO-1. To set alight.

anggalis   n. The English language. synonyms: ingglis.

anggap   v. AO-2. To do one job after another without pause. Bang aniyaꞌ nianggapan heꞌna sampay ni kakohapan, ahusaꞌ iya. If there is something he keeps working at until late afternoon, he is exhausted. Gram: AO-2 cf.: lakap, ambat.

anggautaꞌ   Variant: aŋgautaʔ. n. Sinews; figuratively, physical strength or virility. Bang kita maghꞌnda, niāꞌ anggautaꞌta, kalaꞌanan kosogta. When we get a wife, our virility is taken, our strength is removed. Magtuyuꞌ na paꞌin kita, baba akosog anggautaꞌta. Let us persist, while our vigor is still strong. Category: Vein, sinew. cf.: basiꞌ-dongan.

anggawtaꞌ   

anggi   v. AA pag-. To feel mutual affection, of close relatives. Maganggi, buwat magkaki magkalasa. Minsan waꞌi amatay danakan masi nianggi. Hold in affection, like cousins loving each other. Even though a brother has died he is still loved. Gram: AA pag- link: lasa₁.

anggil   1 • adj. da-. Alike in appearance or sound. Daꞌangil luwaku maka saga danakanku. My appearance is the same as my brothers and sisters. cf.: agid.

2 • v. AA pag-. To share a common feature of appearance or meaning. Gram: AA pag-

anggop₁   1 • v. ASite pa-. To face something directly opposite. Paꞌanggop lumaꞌ kami ma lumaꞌ si Ignu. Our house faces Ignu's. cf.: alop₁.

2 • v. AA pag-. To be opposite each other; to face each other. Lumaꞌ kami maganggop maka lumaꞌ di-si Ibnuhasi. Our house is opposite to the house of Ibnuhasi and co. Gram: AStat. pa- cf.: bayhuꞌ.

anggop₂   v. AO-1. To do something without requiring anyone's help. Takoleꞌ nianggop heꞌna dangan-danganna; halam aniyaꞌ aneheꞌan iya. He can do it single-handed on his own, no-one with him. Gram: AO-1

anggopan   n. A place or item opposite.

anggul   n. Grapes.

angil   v. AState aN-. To give off the smell of putrefaction. Gram: AStat. aN- linkset: angsod, bbu, hangsu, tunug.

angilan   v. AStat pag-. To show the first coloring of ripeness, of certain fruit including bananas. Gram: AStat. pag- linkset: lāg, pꞌllaꞌ; cf.: tahak.

angin   v. AO-1. To compel someone to a particular action. Niangin aku maghinang kalaꞌatan. I was forced to do wrong. cf.: abiyug.

angit   (See maˈangit). Gram: ma-

angol   adj. a-. Insensible or dizzy due to the effects of a blow or shock, as fish by dynamite. Aꞌangol itu saliꞌ apꞌddiꞌ kōk, auling mata, boꞌ halam paliꞌan. Angol is like having a sore head, dizzy eyes, even though there is no wound. Gram: a- link: lango.

angpud   aŋpud Variant: ampud. 1 • adj. a-. Ablaze; burned up.

2 • v. AO-1. To burn up; to set fire to.

angsaꞌ   n. A large domestic fowl such as a goose or turkey. Category:  Birds.

angsod   adj. zero. Giving off a decaying smell; rotting. Minsan wanni, bau angsod yuk kaseheꞌan, boꞌ mbal abuhuk, tuꞌud bauna. Even wanni (a kind of mango), some say it smells rotten, but it is not rotten, that is just its smell. Gram: zero link: angil.

angut   v. AO-1. To have fixed intentions towards something, as something desired, as goal of one's energy. Ya hēꞌ niangut, lling Sama. That is what is really desired, the Sama language. Ahāp bay timpu Milikan, angkan pinagangut Milikan amarinta. The American era was good. That's why we had our heart set on the Americans governing. Angutku isāb nihati mpat halimaw hē. I really want to have those four tigers explained {to me}. Gram: AO-1 linkset: moꞌot, tuꞌud-tuꞌud, tuntut₂, niyat, yakin, mohot, goꞌon, goꞌot.

apa   conj. Because; given that. Nijagjag lumaꞌ ilu; nirarut sampay hāg apa iluꞌun na mundu. The house is being dismantled, the posts are being pulled because bandits are about to arrive. link: sabab₁.

apad-apad   v. AState aN-. To be overloaded, especially of a boat. Gram: AStat. aN- synonyms: apang₁, togob₂.

apalal   n. Nature; characteristics. Ya na tuꞌud apalalna. Ya na addatna. That is simply his nature. His customary behavior. link: jaguniꞌ.

apam   1 • n. A pancake of wheat flour. Category: Sweetmeats. linkset: daral, panyām, tompeꞌ, dingluꞌ, doppeng, jā.

2 • v. AState aN-. To be engaged in making pancakes. Gram: AStat. aN-

apang₁   Variant: ataŋ. v. AState aN-. To become heavily loaded. Mbal angapang ni bihing tapiꞌ. It is not loaded to the edge of the side planks (of the canoe). Saliꞌ aꞌllop. Waꞌi angatang pelang. Apꞌnnoꞌ heꞌ boheꞌ, tahik, daing. Like the word llop. The canoe has become heavily loaded. Full of water, sea water, fish. Gram: AStat. aN- synonyms: apad-apad, togob₂.

apang₂   v. AA pag-. To be of matching thickness.

aparadol   n. A cupboard, especially a screened cupboard for storing food.

apas   1 • v. AO-1. To pursue something. Gram: AO-1 link: sunuꞌ.

2 • v. AStat pa-. To be in pursuit. Bang paꞌapas paragan, bang paurul palꞌngngan. When pursuing we run, when following we walk. Gram: AStat. pa-

apā   exclamation. Expresses disapproval or warning regarding some behavior. . Apā kaꞌa ilu amūng-mūng na paꞌin. You 're just too much, talking on and on. Apā! Aniyaꞌ aꞌa. Hey! There are people about. .

api   1 • n. A fire. Bang aniyaꞌ kalumaꞌan taga api angã kami pehēꞌ ni lumaꞌ dakayuꞌ. If there are neighbors with a fire we go there to get it from that house.

2 • v. AO-2. To increase the flame of a fire. Gram: AO-2 cf.: siglat.

apiki   1 • adj. zero. Coming closer to something. Apiki ni waktu. Close to the time. Category: Close, far.. Gram: zero link: sekot.

2 • v. ASite pa-. To approach something closely. Gram: ASite pa-

3 • v. AOS-1. To place something near another. Daꞌa apikihun ni bihing. Don't put it near the edge. Gram: AOS-1

4 • v. AO-2. To engage with someone in a fight. Bang kami kaꞌapikian heꞌ Sūk, patā kami alahi. If a Tausug comes close to us, we run far away. Bang aniyaꞌ seheꞌnu magsuntuk bang kaꞌapikiannu, magtūy lubakun pehēꞌ. Daꞌa ka angagad sinuntuk. If you are going to box someone, and you close in on him, don't give him an opening. Sock him one. Gram: AO-2 cf.: dohay.

apil   v. AO-2. To prepare betel mixture for someone. Minsan aniyaꞌ hꞌnda angapilan kita dita. Even if we have a wife we prepare our own chew. Yukku ma hꞌndaku, “Apilin aku dakayuꞌ.” I said to my wife, "Prepare me a chew." Category: Betel chew. Gram: AO-2 link: mamaꞌ.

apin   1 • n. A remainder; a surplus.

2 • v. AO-2. To keep something in reserve for another person.

apipilaꞌ   n. A red ant found mostly in sandy soil, inflicts a painful bite. Category:  Insects . Momemenium pharaonis. generic: sꞌmmut.

apis   1 • n. An enclosing fence or grill. link: ād.

2 • v. AO-1. To enclose an area by fencing. Apisku sumping boꞌ mbal tasōd heꞌ kambing. Hinangku sasak panapisku sumping. I fence the flowers so that the goats can't get in. I make a fence to enclose the flowers. Makajari tandawan niapis maka basiꞌ. Windows can be protected with iron. Gram: AO-1

apit   Variant: hapit. Adverb. Almost, of something which almost happened but did not, contrary to speaker's expectation. Apit iya tatimbak daipara magtūy makatapuk. He could have been shot but-fortunately he was able to hide. link: daiꞌ₁.

apol   adj. zero. Coagulated or clotted, of blood. Kakoholan lahaꞌ apol; asidda na. He coughed up clotted blood, his condition is serious. Gram: zero cf.: lahaꞌ₂.

appaꞌ   voc n. Address to a Sultan. cf.: ampun₂.

appula   Variant: akkula. v. AO-1. To keep careful hold of something, no matter where one goes or what one does. Bang kita abuhaw, busay ya niappula. If our canoe swamps, it is the paddle we hang on to. Akkula: binowa piꞌingga-piꞌingga, mbal niꞌbbahan. Akkula: taken no matter where, not left behind. Gram: AO-1 linkset: habit, abin, tabin.

appuꞌ   v. AState aN-. To surge up due to pressure, as water boiling in a pot. Angappuꞌ buwas ilū. Laꞌanin turungna. That rice is boiling over. Remove the lid. Bang kahumbu angappuꞌ, pahusbu boheꞌna min diyataꞌ kōkna. When a whale blows, the water vapor spurts out from its head. . Gram: AStat. aN- link: sꞌpput.

appuꞌ atay   v. AStat aN-. To be angry. Angappuꞌ atayna. He is very angry (lit. his liver is boiling over).

apug   n. The betel nut chew consisting of prepared betel nut, tobacco, calceous lime and resin, wrapped in pepper leaf. Apug is important in social and ritual events; it is also a traditional offering to offended supernatural beings. Apug: tabakuꞌ, buyuꞌ, bangkit, tagambil, dantilad. Bang bay nihinang ya heꞌ niōnan apug. Betel chew: tobacco, pepper leaf, lime, resin, betel nut. When it is made; that is called apug. Bang kita sinagda heꞌ saitan subay nihinang apug pamuwista. When we are dominated by demons we should make betel chew to pay as tribute. Category: Betel chew. link: mamaꞌ.

apus   Variant: hapus. v. AO-2. To accept an offer, as a bid in gambling or the price put on an item for sale. Buwat kaꞌa bangkaꞌ ma pagsallaꞌan. Patꞌnnaꞌku dakayuꞌ pilak. Tilawku kaꞌa, “Ahapus na?” Yuknu, “Hapus.” Suppose you are banker in a gambling game. I put down one peso and I ask you, "Do you accept?" You say, "Accepted." Gram: AO-2 link: tūk.

apuwa   n. Physical well-being. Lidjikiꞌ itū binuwanan kita usaha, apuwa itu binuwanan kita kahāpan baran. Lidjiki refers to the provision of a living; apuwa refers to the gift of physical health. link: lidjikiꞌ.

apuꞌ-apuꞌ   v. AO-1. To soothe someone's ruffled feelings by showing affection. Minsan aniyaꞌ apꞌddiꞌ atayna niapuꞌ-apuꞌ, niamu. Even if there is someone with hurt feelings he is consoled, appeased. Gram: AO-1 link: aluk.

arakalaꞌ   adv. Likely, of an unfavorable outcome. Angay halam bay sipitbi sꞌmmek ilu? Arakalaꞌ aniyaꞌ baliyu paleyang koꞌ ilu. Why did you not pin those clothes? If (as is likely) there is wind, they will blow away. Ya mbal kakautku inān arakalaꞌ aniyaꞌ goyak maka baliyu boꞌ makatīg paraw inān, pakkom aku. Why I'm not going to sea is that if, as is likely, there is rough weather and wind and that canoe heels over, I will capsize. Daꞌa bbahin busay mailu. Arakalaꞌ tinangkaw. Don't leave the paddle there. It will probably be stolen.

aradju   1 • n. A radio.

2 • v. ASite aN-. To communicate by radio. Angaradju kitam ni Siasi min Tianggi boꞌ sigām makahati. We radioed to Siasi from Jolo so that they would know.

araiꞌ   Variant: madaiʔ. adv. Perhaps; possibly. Indicates the slightly uncertain nature of the assertion, though with greater certainty than kalu-kalu. A: “Atꞌkka na si Mmaꞌ?” B: “Araiꞌ halam.” A: "Has Dad arrived home yet?" B: "Maybe not." A: “Makasampay lahat du bahãꞌ sigām?” B: “Maraiꞌ.” A: "Have they reached land yet?" B: "Perhaps." link: tantu.

arap   v. ASite aN-. To direct one's thoughts towards God, so to worship God. Angarap na paꞌin kitam ni Tuhan. Let us always keep-our-focus on God. Gram: ASite aN-

arapun   conj. By contrast, especially in regard to something that should have been done already. . Arapun pinuwad boꞌ mbal tinangkaw. It should have been cut down so as not to be stolen. Arapun ma tongod mma'ku, wa'i iya pina'admit ma ispital llaw itu ma Zambo. Oh and about my father, he was admitted to hospital in Zamboanga today. . Boꞌ arapun ma takdil kahālan inaꞌku maka saga danakanku, ahāp du isāb sigām But in regard to my mother and siblings, they are fine. link: bang₁; cf.: subay, wajib.

arapun du paꞌin   conj. If it had been the case. link: bang₁.

araru   1 • n. A plough.

2 • v. AO-2. To plough soil. Sapiꞌ magararu tanaꞌ tinanoman panggiꞌ kayu ma deya atawa batung. Cattle plough the land for planting cassava inland or peanuts. Gram: AO-2

araꞌ-araꞌ   1 • v. AState aN-. To tremble in fear. Pinaꞌaraꞌ-araꞌ heꞌ inaꞌna. Pinakitāw saliꞌ. Caused to tremble by his mother. Sort of made afraid. Gram: AStat. aN- link: kogkog.

2 • v. AO-2. To fear something so much that one trembles. Category: Tremble/shiver. Gram: AO-2

arāk   auxiliary particle. Contrary to expectation. Arāk alungay bangkaꞌnu. Your canoe was thought to be lost. Kaleya kita, arāk kita sangoman. We went inland, might have been benighted. cf.: himan-himanan.

aretes   n. Short pendant earrings. Category: Jewelry. link: anting-anting₁.

ari-ari   1 • v. AO-1. To beautify or groom someone. Bang aniyaꞌ kinawin anakku, paꞌari-ariku si Anne inān apa asidda atau. If I have a daughter getting married I'll have Anne beautify her because she really knows how. Sinosoꞌan, sinꞌssol kilayna, boꞌ aborak. Magginallang, magsinꞌmmek ahāp, magsinudlay. The hairline is shaved, the eyebrows are trimmed, then (the face) powdered. Wearing bracelets, dressed in fine clothes, combs in the hair. . Gram: AO-1 linkset: alis-alis, sosoꞌ, toktok, sꞌssol₂.

2 • v. AO-2. To add decorative features to anything, as to a house or conveyance. . Gram: AO-2

ariplano   n. An airplane. Waktu tagnaꞌ, aniyaꞌ bay paglalandingan ariplano ma Bakal sagoꞌ halam na buwattinaꞌan, magkaꞌat na. At early times, there was a place for aeroplanes to land at Bakal, but there is none now, destroyed now. synonyms: plēn.

arī   exclamation. Indicates surprise. Arī! Asal iya ilu.... mbal kaꞌasahan. Really! That's how he is...hopeless. link: agkāꞌ.

aroꞌ   v. AO-2. To approach in order to see something; to look at closely. Daꞌa ka paꞌaroꞌ bang magsuli-suli mattoꞌa boꞌ halam lamudnu. Don't hang around when the elders are talking if you are not part of it. Gram: AO-2 link: kubu-kubu.

aroꞌ-aroꞌ   v. ASite aN-. To come close to someone eating in hope of being fed, especially of the children of a household. Gram: ASite aN- cf.: alung₂, dongaꞌ.

arōy   1 • exclamation. Indicates sudden pain, dismay or surprise. Arōy! Waꞌi na asꞌbbang buliꞌ pelang ēꞌ. Alas. The rear of the canoe there has broken way. link: agkāꞌ.

2 • v. AO-2 pag-. To groan about something. Gram: AO-2 pag-

aru   v. AOS-1. To ask advice about something as Object, of someone as Site. Angaru aku ni iya ai-ai mbal kinataꞌuhan heꞌku. I ask advice of him on anything I don't know.

aru-aru   v. AO-1. To bring the point of a triangular sail partway down. Tinuklug niaru-aru. Daꞌa pasangdanun banog ilu, piligdu magkaꞌat kita ma dilaut. Aru-aruhun sadja. Fold down the sail on its pole. Don't leave the sail like that, we're in danger of suffering damage at sea. Just fold the sail partly down. Category: Sails and rigging. Gram: AO-1

aruhuy   v. AO-2 pag-. To cry out in pain about something. Bay asaki, magaruhuy. Saliꞌ iya aglingan saga nggoꞌ, mmaꞌ. He was sick, crying out in pain. He sort of calls out mother, father. . Gram: AO-2 pag- link: agkāꞌ.

arung   voc n. Address to a single female younger than the speaker. Category: Address terms. linkset: neneng-neneng, nneng, nneꞌ, dayang.

asa-asa   v. AO-1. To hope for something; to count on favorable future events. “Amoleꞌ aku salung,” yuk dangan. Yuk dangan, “Oy, daa asa-asata llaw. Arakalaꞌ aniyaꞌ atꞌkka ni kita kalaꞌatan.” "I'll go home tomorrow," says one. Says another, "Hey, let's not count on tomorrow. Something bad is likely to happen to us." Gram: AO-1 link: holat.

asal₁   Adverb. By nature; originally; from the start. Asal mbal bilahi sinohoꞌ. He has always disliked being told what to do. Panubuꞌ sigām ilu asal magaꞌagama. Their family line have been religious forever. . cf.: tuꞌud.

asal₂   adv. of time. The mid-afternoon prayer time, between 3pm and 5pm. Category: Stages of day. link: subu₁.

asang₁   n. The gills; lower throat. . Min deyom toꞌongan asangta, ma luwasan kꞌllongta. Our throats are right inside, our necks are outside.

asang₂   v. AState aN-. To cry aloud, mouth open, as an expression of anger or discomfort. . Angasang, bineyaꞌan pꞌddiꞌ atay. Crying aloud, carried away by anger. . Ondeꞌ-ondeꞌ ilū sidda pangasang, mbal katulihan bang sangom. That child is a crybaby, can't get to sleep at night. Category: Weep. Gram: AO-2 link: olang.

asang-lumahan   n. A fish species. Category: Saltwater fish.

asang-selo   v. ASite aN-. To cry with mouth wide open, not necessarily with much sound coming out, as a child crying uncontrollably. link: tangis.

asaꞌ   v. AO-1. To sharpen a cutting edge. Gram: AO-1 cf.: gisgis₂.

asaꞌan   n. A sharpening stone.

asaꞌan mangsi   n. A high quality whetstone, from Mangsi atoll, south of Balabak.

aseꞌ   1 • adj. ma-. Merciful; kind. Maꞌaseꞌ aku ma si Jiyani, waꞌi alungay. I pity Jiyani, he is lost. Gram: ma-

2 • v. AO-3. To show someone mercy or pity. Gram: AO-3 cf.: ndūꞌ, anduꞌ-anduꞌ.

asē   exclamation. Indicates disgust, displeasure. link: agkāꞌ.

asig   n. A sense of wellbeing; cheer; fun.

asin   1 • n. Salt. cf.: timus-timus.

2 • v. AO-1. To preserve something with salt, esp. of fish. Subay niasin-asin agal-agal boꞌ binꞌlli. Agar (a kind of seaweed) must be sprinkled with salt in order to be purchased. Gram: AO-1

asin-asin   n. Any salt-like substance, e.g. sulfanilamide powder.

asip   v. AO-1. To acknowledge someone's teaching, warning, instruction, information; to obey someone. Bang kita nilinganan subay kita angasip, daꞌa na kita amabiyal. When we are called we should take notice, and not ignore the call. Gram: AO-1 linkset: buhul₁, hirup₁, ikut.

aslag₁   adj. a-. Large in cross-section, as building materials or cordage; wide-meshed, of a fishnet. Gram: a- antonym: nahut; link: heya.

aslag₂   adj. a-. Grown-up; adult. Kamanahutan itū mbal ameyaꞌ garaꞌ, anak tahun itū. Subay kami aꞌaslag. The young ones can't take advice, the youth of today. It must be us adults.

asok   1 • v. AO-1. To put one thing inside another. Pagasokun labban boꞌ mbal agubin. Pack the cartons inside each other so that they aren't bulky. Gram: AO-1 link: batuk₂.

2 • v. ASite pa-. To get into something, as into a sleeping tube. Niasok maka sinōd saliꞌ du. Manjari yukta ni anak, “Paꞌasok ka.” Mbal manjari niōnan “paꞌasok ka” ni aꞌa saddī. Ataksil. Asok and sod are the same. We can say to a child, "Get in (under the cover with me.)" It is not proper say "Get in" to anyone else. You''ll be fined. Gram: ASite pa- link: sōd₁.

3 • v. AA pag-. To share a sleeping place, as a mat, a blanket. Gram: AA pag-

asōb   adj. zero. Fond of, partial to (of food). Asōb aku amangan wanni amataꞌ. I am really fond of eating raw wanni (a type of mango). Gram: a-

assang   n. A species of pigeon or dove. Category:  Birds. fam. Columbidae. cf.: balud.

astag pirulla   exclamation. Expresses surprise or shock, from an Arabic expression asking God's forgiveness.

astanaꞌ   n. A palace, the residence of a ruler. Palumaꞌan sultan, sidda aheya, bay niapis, niād inān. The place where the sultan lives, very big, enclosed, fenced.

astol   1 • n. Anger; irritation. linkset: dugal, pꞌddiꞌ atay, pꞌggot-pꞌggot, sꞌngngot₂, giyagas, lintaw, doleꞌ, mmaw.

2 • adj. -in-..-an. Angry. Bang aku niastolan lubakanku si Lillaji. When I am angry I beat up Lilladji. Gram: ni- -an

3 • v. AO-3. To be irritated with someone. Gram: AO-3 linkset: gamā.

asu-asu   1 • n. Steam or other vapor.

2 • v. AState aN-. To give off steam. Bang konoꞌ pinokot-pokot, subay pinasu-asuhan maka hiyu. It's said that when we come out in lumps on the skin, we should be fumed with incense sticks. Angasu-ngasu paningkōꞌanna. The place where he was sitting emitted smoke. Gram: AStat. aN- link: husbu.

ata   n. A slave; a person who works without pay to discharge a debt. linkset: bataꞌan, banyagaꞌ, ipatan, sosohoꞌan; cf.: tendog, bebeyaꞌan.

atag₁   Variant: antag; tag. 1 • n. A location. Waꞌi ma atag ingga? Where is its location?

2 • v. ASite pa-. To locate somewhere. Paꞌatag aku ma kaꞌam. I will stay where you are. linkset: tꞌnnaꞌ, tongod₁.

atag₂   n. A sweetheart. Taga atag na si Otoꞌ. Oldest son now has a girlfriend. cf.: tunang.

atag₃   adj. ka-..-an. In line with others; treated in a similar way. Buwat magbuwan, lumaꞌ inān kabuwanan, dakayuꞌ inān halam. Na ya dakayuꞌ halam kaniyaꞌan, halam kaꞌatagan. Like when giving things out, that house has been given something, that other one hasn't. So the one house has not received a share, isn't treated equally.

atal   v. AO-1. To apply coloring to the lips. Gram: AO-1 synonyms: lipistīk.

atamaꞌ   v. AState aN-. To cut into effectively, of a sharp blade. Gram: AStat. aN- linkset: ōk, utab, duklat.

atang   v. AState aN-. To become heavily loaded, of a conveyance. Saliꞌ aꞌllop. Waꞌi angatang pelang. Apꞌnnoꞌ heꞌ boheꞌ, tahik, daing. Like the word llop. The canoe has become heavily loaded. Full of water, sea water, fish.

atap   1 • v. ASite pa-. To match an amount of money or asking price. . Bang sīn dahatus pilak itu mbal makaꞌatapan pelang, paꞌatapun konoꞌ. If this two hundred pesos is not enough to buy the canoe, please make it enough. Gram: ASite pa- linkset: unjuk, lampak₂.

2 • v. AA pag-. To match, as asking price and money offered for some sale item. . Gram: AA pag-

atas₁   1 • adj. zero. Accepting of responsibility or blame for a situation. . Bang aniyaꞌ bay pinabeyaꞌ eꞌ aꞌa, pinabeyaꞌ ma siyaliku, boꞌ alungay, aku atas. If a man sends something with my younger sibling and it is lost, I take responsibility. Atas iya magpagantiꞌ ma siyali sigām. He was responsible to take the place of their youngest brother. Gram: zero

2 • v. AO-2. To accept responsibility or blame for something or someone, as for another's action. Gram: AO-2 cf.: piyarul; linkset: abunaw, aku₂, bahalaꞌ, kuwiraw, lawag-baran, tanggung₂, umbang, siyal.

atas₂   adv. Preferably. Atas alungay sīnku. Better that my money is lost. Dayas-dayasan, saliꞌ aheka kinakanna. Atas pinagtimanan ya takapin inān, apa asso. Abundant, lots of food. The left-overs preferably thrown out, because (he) is full. Yuk inaꞌ ma ondeꞌ, “Anak, daꞌa ka paluwas sangom ilu.” Atas iya palaksu min ād. Mother says to the child, "Son, don't go out tonight." He's already inclined to jump the fence. cf.: bay, tahan₃.

atas-pikil   v. AStat. pag-. To have the responsibility or right to decide. Arakalaꞌ itu asōng eꞌ tambal itū, kaꞌa ya magatas-pikil ai-ai pamūngan. Since the sickness may in all likelihood progress with this treatment, you are the one to decide what to say.

atawa   conj. Either; or. Bang ka pinapeneꞌ ai ahāp, altaꞌ atawa pangiskul? If you have to choose what is best, riches or schooling?

ataw-ataw   v. AO-1. To stir up sediment. Bay ataw-atawku tahik, manjari mbal tapagꞌndaꞌanku sīn. I stirred up the sea, then I wasn't able to see the money. Gram: AO-1

atay₁   n. The liver.

atay₂   n. The psychological seat of a range of emotions and faculties, often equivalent to the metaphorical use of English heart. Halam aniyaꞌ tauꞌku ma deyom atay. I am not holding anything against someone in my heart. Nnaꞌun toꞌongan ma deyom ataynu. Store it securely in your heart (i.e. memorize it well).

atay₃   (See maˈatay).

atay duguꞌ-duguꞌ   n. The edible entrails of the dugu'-dugu' sea cucumber.

atay-atay   n. The opening of a fish trap.

atay-batu   n. A brave heart, unaware of fear. Category: Idioms with atay.

atay-poteꞌ   n. Innocence; purity of intentions. Category: Idioms with atay.

ataꞌ   n. The coarse fragments left from pounding grain to make flour. Ya kapin panapungan. What is left after pounding. cf.: tapung, tirigu.

atāk   v. AO-1. To attack someone, especially of bandits or a military operation. Angatāk sundalu min deya maka min dilaut. The soldiers attacked from the land and from the sea. Gram: AO-1 link: dugpak₂.

ati   conj. Indicates what is next in a logical or temporal sequence; then; so then. Angindam ka sīn, ati mbal paꞌin kabayarannu? You are borrowing money, and then you are not able to pay? Bang kami magbonoꞌ maka si Nudjiral ati anangis iya, nā nirapitan sidda heꞌ Inaꞌ. When Nudjiral and I fight and he cries, then Mother totally takes his side. cf.: ampa₁.

atis   n. The sugar apple. Category: Fruit tree. Anona squamosa..

atiyaꞌ   v. ASite zero. Existential verb of location; here (it) is. A: “Maꞌai laring?” B: “Atiyaꞌ.” A: "Where is my knife?" B: "Here it is."

atol   v. AStat pa-. To remain in a place without making progress. Magatol-atolan saga pelang. The canoes are staying together in the same spot. cf.: atung.

atop   n. The roof of a house; a thatch roof; a nipa shingle. Waꞌi ahūg dakayuꞌ atop. Halam bay kaengkotan. One unit of thatch has fallen. It was not tied down. Category: Roof. linkset: kadjang, sayap, ungkup, mital; link: paꞌud.

atop mital   n. A corrugated iron roof.

atu   1 • n. An opponent in a game or a battle. cf.: ugpang.

2 • v. AO-2. To respond to what someone else does, as a child to an adult trying to amuse it, or someone responding to an attack. . Bang kita bay na magbonoꞌ boꞌ ka mbal angatu ma aku, lagutta ka maka lahut. Angalahaꞌ na. When we fought and you couldn't defend yourself, I struck you with my large knife. You bled. Gram: AO-2

atubang   1 • v. AO-1. To attack or confront someone. link: dugpak₂.

2 • v. ASite pa-. To face something. Gram: ASite pa- link: alop₂.

atuhan   n. An opponent. Pila atuhanku? Aheka sigā, aku dangan-danganku. How many opponents did I have? They were many, I was on my own.

atung   v. AStat pa-. To remain motionless in the one spot, as certain fish do until startled. Buwat sikuhan paꞌatung mainaꞌan. Like sikuhan fish, staying in the same place. Gram: AStat. pa- cf.: atol.

auliyaꞌ   n. A person with wisdom and special powers.

aun   v. AOS-1. To serve up food from cooking pot into serving bowls or individual plates. Niaunan ni laiꞌ pagsama-sama. Serve the food onto plates equally for everyone. Gram: AOS-2 cf.: luwag.

aut   1 • n. Impurities in a liquid; water clouded by dirt. Aniyaꞌ suruꞌ arāk sinassaw ma deyom aut. Yuk Inaꞌ, “Daꞌa sassawhun ilū ko daꞌa alungay.” A spoon was about to be groped for in murky water. Mother said, "Don't feel around there lest it get lost." link: lagod₂.

2 • v. AStat aN-. To become discolored or adulterated by foreign matter, of a liquid. Bang aniyaꞌ sīn ahūg boꞌ angaut, mbal tapiha. If money falls (into the sea) and it is dirty, it can't be found.

awak-awak   n. A type of kite. Category: Kites.

awal₁   adv. In times past; long ago. cf.: masa; linkset: awal-jaman, awal-tagnaꞌ, masa-awal, ahil-jaman.

awal₂   1 • adj. a-. Early. Aꞌawal ya tꞌkka sigām. Their arrival is earlier than expected. Gram: a-

2 • v. AStat aN-. To be present or ready prior to a stated or expected time. Ahāp angawal. It's good to be early. Gram: AStat. aN- cf.: kꞌllaw.

3 • v. AO-2. To allow a period of time to elapse beforehand. Duwa pituꞌ ya hād pangawal. Two weeks, that's the time limit allowed. . Gram: AO-2

awal ni ahil   adv. Of long duration (lit. from time long past to the end of time). Min awal ni ahil na paꞌin aku ya magpatireyoꞌ ma iya. For a long time {lit. from the past to the future} I have been the one to abase myself before him.

awal-jaman   n. Time long past. Yuk mboꞌku, halam konoꞌ dragadik tempo awal-jaman ēꞌ. My grandparent said there were no drug addicts in the olden times. linkset: awal-tagnaꞌ; cf.: musim tagnaꞌ; link: awal₁.

awal-tagnaꞌ   n. Ancient times. link: awal-jaman, awal₁.

awam   adj. a-. Uninformed; ignorant of. Bang aniyaꞌ amatay kaukaki si Mmaꞌ, halam bay nihakaꞌan si Inaꞌ, aꞌawam na iya. If a cousin of Father dies, Mother is not informed, she is ignorant of it. Magawam-awam dina halam makatangkaw boꞌ mbal tajīl. He pretended ignorance that he hadn't stolen anything so that he wouldn't be jailed. Gram: a-

awat₁   adj. a-. Having the advantage over someone in buying. Kaꞌa amꞌlli tꞌllumpūꞌ sīn, mbal niāꞌ. Bꞌlliku dambilaꞌ. Agsai kaꞌa-i ahꞌlling. “Aꞌawat ka amꞌlli sinaukat aheka sīnnu.” You would buy for thirty centavos, but didn't get it. I bought for fifty centavos. Then you said, "You had the advantage (over me) just because you have a lot of money." Gram: AO-1; a-

awat₂   v. AO-1. To catch fish by trolling with more than one line. Angawat itu, buwat kita angusaha. Duwa hūgku bang kita magpanondaꞌ. Awat, like when we are doing our work. I drop two (lines) when we are trolling. Category: Hook and line. Gram: AO-1 cf.: tondaꞌ₂, manit.

awliyaꞌ   Variant: auliaʔ. n. A person with wisdom and special powers. Awliyaꞌ atahaꞌ pꞌngngotna, taꞌabut hawakanna, saliꞌ bay ma deyom tanaꞌ. Kinataꞌuan heꞌna kamemon. Manusiyaꞌ isāb. An awliya has a long beard reaching to his waist, like something that has been in the ground. He knows everything. But he is human. Category: Esoteric knowledge. cf.: lantas.

awtu   n. An automobile.

ayak   v. AO-1. To sift something, as flour. Gram: AO-1 cf.: sāꞌ₁.

ayakan   n. A sieve or strainer. cf.: saꞌan.

ayad   v. AO-2. To treat something with care. Category: Look after. Gram: AO-2 linkset: ipat, paipig, paintul, pahilalaꞌ₂, ulip; cf.: ussap.

ayad-ayad   v. AStat pa-. To be careful in doing something. Paꞌayad-ayad ka bang ka amayan pelang boꞌ nggaꞌi ka pelangnu, ko daꞌa magkaꞌat. Be careful when you use that canoe as a conveyance, when it's not your canoe, so as not to damage it. Gram: AStat. pa-

ayan   n. The space above the earth, thus the firmament, outer space. Category: Sky. cf.: langit, alam₁.

ayas-ayas   n. The drying racks at the outer end of outrigger boom supports. Category: Canoe construction. cf.: ampang.

ayat   n. A short length of text, esp. of religious material, as a line, verse, sentence. cf.: bāb, jūd.

aykalas₁   Variant: aikalas. 1 • n. Foolhardy courage. Oy! Kaꞌa ilu amowa aikalas, saliꞌ amiha kamataynu. Hey! You're showing foolhardy courage, as though seeking your death. Bang amꞌmmong-mꞌmmong mbal du kita ainay, saꞌ bang kita angaikalas... If we are somewhat inconspicuous nothing will happen to us, but if we are foolishly brave... cf.: bahani, esog.

2 • v. AState aN-. To behave with foolhardy courage. Gram: AStat. aN-

ayī   excl. Indicates that speaker is impressed. link: agkāꞌ.

aymuka   n. The face as an indication of internal emotion; facial expression. Asawa aymukana. He looks friendly (i.e. his attitude of mind is good). link: luwa.

aymulla   n. The deceased, a euphemism to avoid naming the dead. Category: Die. cf.: bangkay; synonyms: nahanat.

ayuk-ayuk   v. AO-1. To stimulate cocks to fight by making them face each other but preventing them from making contact. Gram: AO-1 link: bulang.

ayum-ayum   v. AO-2. To mend a hole by darning. Gram: AO-2 cf.: sulsi, lalipan-lalipan.

ayuput   v. AO-1. To provide someone with the necessities. . Itiyaꞌ kami niayuput pahāp eꞌ saga matoꞌaku angkan asambu pamaranan kami. Here we are very well cared for by my parents-in-law, which is why our bodies are getting plump. Category: Look after. Gram: AO-1 link: ussap.

ayura   1 • v. AO-1. To treat someone with special care, as an invalid, a child. Category: Look after. Gram: AO-1 link: ussap.

2 • v. AOS-1. To care for an invalid by seeking the help of supernatural beings, especially ancestors (as Site). Bang aniyaꞌ ma kita aꞌa asakki subay ayurata ni mboꞌ. If we have someone who is sick we must request help for them from the ancestors. Category:  Invoke. Gram: AOS-1

ayuwan   n. The spouse of one's child or of one's nephew or niece.

ayuwan min pagkakihan   n. The spouse of nephew or niece's child.

ayuwan min pangꞌmpuhan   n. Spouse of grandchild or of sibling's grandchild.

ayuꞌ   v. AOC-2. To compensate someone in cash or goods for an offense given, in order to ensure reconciliation, as children offended by parents, wife offended by husband. Aku bay makabuwan dusa, aku niayuꞌ. Subay aniyaꞌ sīn ndeꞌanku pangayuꞌ. I was the one giving fault, I am the one to make compensation. There should be money that I give as a compensation. Gram: AOC-1 link: bangun₃.

aꞌa   n. A person; a man; a living person as opposed to a fetus. Halam giꞌ aku aꞌa. I was not yet a person (i.e. not yet born). linkset: manusiyaꞌ, puhuꞌ, ummat; cf.: tubuꞌ.

aꞌa liyu   n. A stranger; outsider.