1.
according
to...; supposedly, reportedly; "it is
said"; "so they say".
The speaker does not vouch for his statement.
Ling-na, "Niyah," konoh, "pangguwah."
He said, "There is," according to him, "a ghost."
2.
‘politeness’ an indication of politeness similar to "please".
The indication of politeness is derived from the indirectness implied in the word and hence, is often used for requests or
commands.
Listen, please.
Please listen.
Please pick [it] up for me.
3.
an expression of "high handedness"; "if you
please".
The intonation of this comment shows irritation, and is also similar to the American expression "excuse me", which, although
normally, a polite remark, can also show irritation when said with a angry tone.
Iyan, konoh, hatih-na ngaalamat?
What, if you please, is the meaning of your strange ritual?