Even though something happens; even though it is someone or something who/which does something or to which something is done.
Ta''on un has two functions: 1) It introduces a sentence introducer.
Ta''on un nan adangyan ya nabtelda damdama hi un adukkoy di ūgaw.
Even though (it be) the rich, they will nevertheless suffer famine if the dry period is long.
2) It marks a dependent sentence, followed by mu or ya and an independent sentence.
Ta''on un adangyan an tāgu mu nabtelda damdama.
Even though rich, they will nevertheless suffer famine.
See sec. 7.26.2.1.