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-on
1
Signals that a substantive has an undergoer, non-past relationship to an action verb in the active voice within a phrase or sentence.
For passive voice, see a-. Specifically, the role relationship is usually a patient though with some verbs it is a theme or location reference, see sec. 7.15.1.3.
Adim haplāton nan kāhum.
Do not whip your dog.
This affix has a past tense form -iɴ- which occurs immediately following the first consonant of a stem. For a description of the realization of ɴ in various contexts, see Introduction 6.1. For changes in pronunciation when -on is followed by genitive pronouns, see -an 1. See sec. 7.5.1.
Patient as signalled by -on means that a substantive is undergoing a change of condition as, for example, a piece of wood changing into ashes.
2
In combination with other affixes, -on signals a causative construction.
For a description of the use of these affixes, see sections 7.17.2 and 7.17.3.
Causative Affixes with -on
Non-past Past
pa-on impa-on
puɴ-on nuɴ-on
paɴ-on naɴ-on
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